Sports Medicine
What are the 3 ways to classify sports injuries?
Direct indirect Soft and hard tissue Overuse
What are the 4 types or Aerobic training?
Continuous (uniform), Fartlek, circuit and Long interval
What is the role of Epidemiology?
Epidemiology is the study of rates and patterns of illness and disease amongst clearly defined population groups. Epidemiology focuses largely on the gathering and interpretation of statistics. Data derived from epidemiology is used to develop an evidence-based understanding of current health issues.
How are priority health issues identified?
Social justice principles, priority population groups, prevalence of condition, potential for prevention and early intervention and cost the the individual and community.
How long should ICE be done in the RICER regime?
10-20 min every 2 hours for 24-48 hours
What are the 6 principles of training?
- Progressive overload - Specificity - Reversibility - Variety - Training thresholds - warm up and cool down
What are the three phases of skill acquisition, provide an example of what may we typically seen in each phase.
Cognitive - Visual demonstrations, awkward attempts, skill broken into parts
Associative - practice phase, lots of errors becoming less when progressing
Autonomous - automatic production of movement, muscle memory, auto correction of errors
What are the different recovery strategies?
-Neural, Tissue Damage, Psychological and Physiological
What is meant by complementary and alternative healthcare approaches? Provide examples and a reason why they are growing in popularity.
Complementary and alternative healthcare refers to any treatment or prevention methods considered outside of western medicine, including chiropractic, naturopathy, chinese herbalism, accupuncture. CAMS are growing in popularity due to their recognition by the WHO and by people desiring a more holistic form of treatment.
Name 1 advantage and 1 disadvantage for both Medicare and Private Health.
Medicare - free checkups, PBS, covers doctors fees / doesn't cover all services, longer wait times and no choice of doctors.
PH - choice of hospital and doctor, elective surgery, ancillary benefits / expensive, not equitable and still has out of pocket fees.
What is Kinaesthetic sense and how is it used?
Kinaesthetic sense refers to the sensory information received from the body about their body position and awareness of limbs during a movement.
A skilled athlete's neuromuscular pathways are trained to 'feel' the movement resulting in better coordination and greater ability to make corrections and modifications while executing the movement.
The ultimate benefit of kinaesthetic sense is the ability to adjust movement’s part way through execution, as relevant feedback is received.
Provide an example of each type of skill (nature of the skill open, closed, gross, fine, serial, discrete, continuous, self paced, externally paced)
What elements are to be considered when designing a training session.
Health and Safety Considerations, Overview of session, warm up and cool down, skill instruction and practice, conditioning and evaluation.
What are Modifiable, Non-Modifiable and Protective factors and list 2 for each in relation to Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) ?
Modifiable - is something that can be changed
- Tobacco smoking - High blood pressure - High blood cholesterol - Insufficient physical activity - Being overweight and obesity - Poor nutrition - Type 2 diabetes - Alcohol
Non-Modifiable - is something that can't be changed. - Age - Gender - Heredity
Protective factors - by doing this can reduce the risk of chronic diseases
- Being sufficiently physically active - Eating a healthy diet - Maintaining a healthy weight - Not smoking - Managing stress - Abstaining from alcohol
What is the difference between Anxiety and Arousal?
Anxiety is psychological, that is, comes from the mind of the athlete. State or Trait.
On the other hand arousal is physiological resulting from bodily responses to a stimulus. Arousal levels required for optimum performance in a sport depend on the individual sport.
Progressive Mobilisation
Graduated exercise (stretching, conditioning, total body fitness)
Training
Use of heat and cold