States of matter
What are the three states of matter?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
What do we call a surface that feels uneven and has many bumps? Opposite of smooth.
rough
What is the process called when a solid turns into a liquid? Is it a reversible or irreversible change?
Melting
Reversible
When ice melts, it turns into water, and this change can be reversed.
True
Explain what happens when water is boiled.
When water is boiled, it heats up and changes from a liquid to a gas (steam/evaporation). The molecules gain energy and move far apart, escaping into the air.
In which state of matter do particles stay close together and have a fixed shape?
Solid
What property describes materials that do not let water pass through them? Opposite of absorbent.
waterproof
What do we call the process of a liquid turning into a gas? Is it a reversible or irreversible change?
Evaporation
Reversible
When you freeze juice, it cannot turn back into juice.
False. You can thaw it back to juice
Explain the process of freezing.
Freezing is the process where a liquid loses heat and changes into a solid. The molecules slow down and come together to form a solid structure, like ice.
Which state of matter has no fixed shape and can fill any container?
Gas
What do we call materials that can soak up liquids? Opposite of waterproof
absorbent
Think of what happens to a raw egg when it is cooked. Is it a reversible or irreversible change? Why?
This is an irreversible change.
Once the egg is cooked, you can’t turn it back into a raw egg. This is called an irreversible change because it can’t go back to how it was before.
Making a smoothie is an irreversible change because you cannot separate the ingredients back to their original forms.
True
Explain the process of water cycle.
Water from oceans, rivers, lakes, and other bodies of water is heated by the sun, causing it to turn into water vapor (gas). As water vapor rises into the atmosphere, it cools and changes back into liquid droplets, forming clouds. When the clouds accumulate enough water droplets, they become heavy and release the water back to Earth as precipitation. The rest of the precipitation flows over the surface of the land as runoff, moving toward rivers, lakes, and oceans. This runoff eventually returns water to the oceans, completing the cycle.
When ice melts, what state of matter does it change into?
Liquid
What term describes materials that allow light to pass through them clearly? Opposite of opaque.
transparent
What happens to paper when it is burned? Is it a reversible or irreversible change? Why?
It turns to ash and cannot return to paper. This is an irreversible change.
When a rock is crushed into dust, it can be easily put back together to form the original rock.
False.
This is an irreversible change.
Explain why the melting of chocolate is an example of a reversible change.
When chocolate melts, it changes from a solid to a liquid. If you cool it down again, the chocolate will harden back into a solid. This is a reversible change because you can change it back to its original form.
What is the process called when a gas turns into a liquid?
Condensation
What do we call materials that can be stretched and return to their original shape? Opposite of rigit.
elastic
What happens to a metal when it rusts? Is rusting a reversible or irreversible change? Why?
It changes to a different substance and cannot return to the original metal. This is an irreversible change.
When a plant dies and dries out, it can be brought back to life.
False.
Explain why burning a piece of paper is an example of an irreversible change.
When you burn paper, it changes into ash and smoke, and you cannot turn it back into paper. This is an irreversible change because the paper has changed completely, and you cannot reverse the process.