Simple Machines
What simple machine is a ramp?
Inclined Plane
What causes day and night on Earth?
Earth's Rotation
What do we call a living thing?
An organism
What do we call two or more substances mixed together but not chemically joined?
A mixture
What do we call a group of organisms that can reproduce and have fertile offspring?
A species
What simple machine uses a wheel with a rope running over it?
Pulley
How long does Earth take to orbit the Sun once?
One year (about 365 days)
What is a habitat?
The place where an organism lives
What separation method is used to remove iron filings from sand?
Magnetism
What is a vertebrate?
An animal with a backbone
Which simple machine has a rigid bar that pivots on a fulcrum?
Lever
What phase of the Moon happens when the entire lit side faces Earth?
Full moon
What do producers use sunlight to make?
Glucose/food (through photosynthesis)
What is the name of the method that separates an insoluble solid from a liquid using filter paper?
Filtration
Why do scientists classify living things?
To organise them and show how they are related
What type of simple machine is an axe blade?
Wedge
What causes Earth to have different seasons?
The tilt of Earth’s axis as it orbits the Sun
In a food chain, what is the role of a decomposer?
Breaks down dead matter and recycles nutrients
Why does evaporation separate salt from saltwater?
The water evaporates, leaving the salt behind
What is biodiversity?
The variety of living things in an area or on Earth
Why does using a longer lever arm make lifting a load easier?
It increases mechanical advantage so less force is needed
Why do we see the same side of the Moon from Earth at all times?
The Moon is tidally locked (its rotation and orbit take the same time)
Explain how removing one species can affect an entire ecosystem.
It disrupts food chains/webs and can cause population imbalances
Explain how distillation separates two liquids with different boiling points.
The liquid with the lower boiling point evaporates first, then condenses and is collected
Explain how classification helps scientists understand evolutionary relationships.
It shows which species share similar traits and common ancestors