Chemistry
What is the term for the smallest unit of an element that retains its properties?
An atom
Why do astronauts float in space?
Astronauts float because they are in free fall around the Earth, and there is no ground to stop them, so they experience weightlessness!
What respiration uses oxygen?
aerobic respiration
This physicist and chemist is renowned for his discoveries of radioactivity and for being the first person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific fields: physics and chemistry. Who is she?
Marie Curie
What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
3 * 108 m/s
In a chemical reaction, what do we call the substances that are present at the start?
reactants
Why does ice float on water?
Ice floats because it is less dense than liquid water. As water freezes, it expands, making it lighter per volume.
The air sacs that are covered with capillaries where gas exchange takes place
alveoli
This 20th-century physicist is known for his work on the photoelectric effect, which helped establish the quantum theory. He is also famous for his mass-energy equivalence formula, E=mc². Who is he?
Albert Einstein
What is the process by which a liquid changes into a gas at any temperature below its boiling point?
Evaporation
What type of reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base to produce salt and water?
neutralization reaction
How does a rainbow form?
Rainbows form when sunlight passes through raindrops. The light bends, splits into different colors (dispersion), and reflects back to create a rainbow.
What is the name of the protein red blood cells contain?
hemoglobin
This British mathematician and logician is known for his work in mathematical logic and his development of the concept of a universal computing machine, which laid the groundwork for modern computers. Who is he?
Alan Turing
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
7
Which element is known for being a noble gas and is used in neon lights?
neon (Ne)
Why does lightning come before thunder?
Light travels much faster than sound. Lightning is seen first because light reaches your eyes faster than the sound of thunder reaches your ears.
When you breathe in what happens to diaphragm and intercostal muscles?
they contract
This Italian astronomer is famous for his support of heliocentrism, and he made significant improvements to the telescope. His observations of celestial bodies provided critical evidence for the Copernican theory. Who is he?
Galileo Galilei
What is the chemical symbol of gold?
Au
What is the name of the process by which plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen during daylight?
photosynthesis
Why don’t we see stars during the day?
The Sun is so bright that it overwhelms the light from the distant stars, making them invisible to us during the day.
Where does the aerobic respiration take place in the cell?
in mitochondria
This British chemist is known for his work in the field of thermodynamics and for formulating the laws of thermodynamics that govern energy and heat transfer. He is also famous for his equation relating temperature and pressure. Who is he?
William Thomson (Lord Kelvin)
What do plants need to make their own food?
Sunlight, water, air
What do we call a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed?
a catalyst
Why do we wear seat belts in a car?
According to Newton's First Law of Motion, an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an outside force. Seat belts provide that force to stop you if the car suddenly stops.
Name 2 structures that most cells have but not red blood cells?
mitochondria, nucleus
This German physicist is best known for his contributions to quantum mechanics and the formulation of the uncertainty principle, which states that the position and momentum of a particle cannot both be precisely determined at the same time. Who is he?
Werner Heisenberg
What is the hottest planet in our solar system?
Venus
Which colorless, odorless gas is produced during respiration and is also a product of combustion?
carbon dioxide (CO₂)
How does a microwave heat food?
Microwaves cause water molecules in food to vibrate. This vibration creates heat, which warms the food.
When oxygen binds to hemoglobin it forms a compound called?
oxyhaemoglobin
This American biologist proposed the structure of DNA as a double helix in 1953, along with Francis Crick. Their discovery was crucial for understanding genetic inheritance. Who is he?
James Watson
What causes the tides on Earth?
The Moon's gravity
What is the chemical name for the compound commonly known as table salt?
sodium chloride (NaCl)
Why does a compass always point north?
The Earth acts like a giant magnet, and the needle in a compass aligns itself with the Earth's magnetic field, pointing towards the magnetic north pole.
What is the process called when white blood cells digest bacteria?
phagocytosis
Who is the chemist who proposed the atomic theory, which states that matter is made up of atoms, and helped develop the periodic table?
John Dalton
Roughly how long does it take for the Sun's light to reach Earth?
8 minutes