Plant and Animal Cells
Which organelle, found in both cell types, is the site of aerobic respiration?
Mitochondria
Which reagent is used to test for the presence of starch?
Iodine
In which specific tissue of the leaf does most photosynthesis occur?
Palisade mesophyll
What is the term for a characteristic that improves an organism's chance of survival?
Adaptation
According to the Law of Reflection, what is the relationship between the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection?
They are equal
Which sub-cellular structure in plants is made of cellulose and provides structural support?
Cell Wall
What color change indicates a positive result for protein when using Biuret reagent?
Blue to Purple
What are the two primary products of photosynthesis?
Glucose and Oxygen
Who is the scientist famous for proposing the theory of evolution by natural selection?
Charles Darwin
What is the name of the imaginary line drawn at 90 degrees to a mirror's surface?
The normal
What is the specific function of a vacuole in a mature plant cell?
Maintaining turgor pressure / storing cell sap
Why does an enzyme stop working if the temperature is increased significantly above its optimum?
Active site denatures / changes shape
How does the "waxy cuticle" benefit a leaf in a dry environment?
Reduces water loss via evaporation
How does "survival of the fittest" lead to a change in a population over time?
Beneficial genes/traits are passed on
Why does light bend (refract) when it moves from air into a glass block?
It slows down
Why do root hair cells lack chloroplasts?
They are underground/no light for photosynthesis
Describe the "Lock and Key" hypothesis in terms of enzyme specificity.
Substrate shape fits specific active site
Explain the role of guard cells in gas exchange.
Control opening/closing of stomata
Give a functional (physiological) adaptation of a desert animal to conserve water.
Concentrated urine / lack of sweat
In which direction does light bend when moving from a more dense medium to a less dense medium?
Away from the normal
Explain how the structure of a ribosome relates to its primary function in the cell.
Site of protein synthesis
Why must Benedict’s reagent be heated to test for reducing sugars?
To provide energy for the reaction
Why is magnesium an essential mineral for a plant's ability to photosynthesize?
Required to make chlorophyll
Explain why genetic variation within a species is crucial for natural selection to occur.
Allows some individuals to be better adapted/survive any disasters
Explain why violet light refracts more than red light when passing through a triangular prism.
Violet has shorter wavelength; travels slower in glass.