Elizabethan England
Why was Queen Elizabeth so studious as a young girl? Give three explanations
- She was lonely
- It would get her positive attention from her Dad
- She could impress the adults she was around (not many other kids around her because she was separated from her siblings)
- There was nothing else to do (Ex. No TV)
Name the 4 working social 'classes' in Tudor times
- Gentlemen (and Ladies)
- Citizens (also known an Merchants)
- Yeomen
- Labourers
1. What is the 'divine right of kings'?
2. Why did parliament not like it?
1. Divine right of kings = God chose the king so the king answers to no one except God.
2. Parliament was powerless if they tried to argue with the king. If the did argue with him, it was like they were going against God.
Who was the first recorded European to reach the Americas?
Christopher Columbus
Name the two sides fighting in the English Civil war
1. Royalist (Cavaliers)
3. Parliamentarians (Roundheads)
Why did Elizabeth want to achieve with her plans for Religious Settlement?
To avoid fighting among the different religions (Protestant and Catholic) and avoid the violence during Queen Mary's time.
Only a small minority of children attended grammar schools in Tudor times. Why was that?
- Poor people couldn't afford the school fees and books required
How could a witch be identified? Give three characteristics believed to be true in Tudor times.
1. had strange marks on their body.
2. had a 'familiar' (small animal) that followed them (it fed on her blood every night)
3. had no shadow
4. talked to themselves
5. their hair couldn't be cut (long hair)
5. would make a mistake when saying the Lord's Prayer
1. Sugar (and rum)
2. Cotton
3. Tobacco
Name two things the Parliamentarians were angry about.
1. The ship tax
2. The king had a Catholic wife
3. The king needs to serve his country (the country does not simply serve him and give him money whenever he wants it)
4. The king fired parliament
Explain why Queen Elizabeth kill her cousin (Mary, Queen of Scots)
- Mary wanted to be Queen after her.
- Mary was Catholic, so Elizabeth didn't want that.
- Mary was imprisoned by Elizabeth, and while there, she exchanged letters with Anthony Babbington about plans to kill Queen Elizabeth.
- Elizabeth's spy discovered the plot to kill the Queen (treason).
Name and describe three beauty products (substances) a rich Tudor woman would use to achieve the perfect look.
1. Belladonna - Eyes, big pupils
2. Bleach and sulphur - Hair, lightened it
3. Cochineal - cheeks and lips, gave a red colour
4. Brick dust and honey - Teeth, made them white
5. Doney's milk - Drank, thought to whiten the skin
6. White lead - applied to the face skin, covered the skin with a white colour
7. Mercury - applied to the face as a treatment to remove freckles and it took off the top layer of skin.
1. why did the terrorists want the king dead?
2. what were the terrorist's plans?
3. who is Guy Fawkes?
3. how did their plan go wrong?
4. what happened to the plotters?
1. The terrorists were Catholic and King James was unkind to Catholics. They wanted a Catholic monarch, possible James' daughter.
2. Kidnap the kings daughter, and blow up the King as he opened parliament on 5 November. Raise the daughter as catholic and put her on the throne when she's grown.
3. Guy Fawkes was the man in charge of the explosives.
4. Guy Fawkes was caught red-handed under parliament. He was tortured and confessed the names of the other terrorists. At the same time, the other men involved accidentally set their dynamite alight and the loud noise caught the attention of nearby police
5. All the plotters were sentenced to death (quite torturously)
Name two successes or achievements experienced by the early colonists/explorers to the New World.
1. Learning how to fertilise the soil using dead fish (thanks, Squanto!)
2. Learning that barley and corn grow well (and peas and wheat do not)
Describe:
1. Cavalry
2. Musketeer
3. Pikemen
4. Infantry
1. Cavalry - soldiers on horseback (rich people)
2. Musketeer - soldiers firing a musket (gun)
3. Pikemen - soldiers holding a pike (5m long stick) hoping to impale horses/cavalry
4. Infantry - normal foot soldiers
Provide 3 reasons why King Phillip of Spain wanted to invade England.
Long-term reasons:
- Sailors had been stealing gold from Spanish ships
- Rebels in Spanish Netherlands were being helped by English soldiers
Short-term reasons:
- Sir Francis Drake set fire to 30 Spanish ships in Cadis Harbour
- Queen Elizabeth executed a Catholic queen (Mary, Queen of Scots)
1. What did Poor Tudor people eat?
2. What did Rich Tudor people eat?
1. Mostly vegetables, lots of pottage (soup), bread, ale, very little meat (mostly fish or sometimes bacon)
2. Lots of meat (exotic things like capon and peacocks), wine and sweet desserts
Why was King James chosen to the the King after Elizabeth died. Give two explanations.
1. Elizabeth raised her hand in agreement to the suggestion (she was very ill near the end of her life)
2. He was Elizabeth's blood relative (closest blood relation)
Name three failures or difficulties experienced by the early colonists/explorers to the New World.
1. Fighting with local indigenous tribes
2. Roanoke settlers disappears
3. Crops failed
4. Dying of pneumonia
What sort of men made up the New Model Army?
They were godly men who followed very strict rules.
1. Why was it called the 'middle way'
2. Provide two rules of Queen Elizabeth's 'middle way'
2. Some Rules part of Elizabeth's 'Middle Way'
- She made herself the Governor of the Church of England (so that Catholics could still call the Pope the 'head' of the church)
- Priests were allowed to marry (as was allowed on Protestantism)
- Kept the Bishops (because Catholics see them as having an important role in the church)
- Catholics who didn't want to attend church ('recusants') were not severely punished - they only had to pay a small fine for staying home.
1. Name and describe one example of a 'sturdy beggar'
2. Name and describe one example of torture method
1. Page 45
2. Page 47
Catholics - he ordered their priests to leave England.
Parliament - he didn't want them to argue against him so he fired all the members of Parliament after they refused to collect the money he wanted.
Other Europeans wanted to colonist the Americas too! Name 3 other European countries that sent colonists to the New World.
Spain, The Netherlands (Dutch), France
1. Why was Cromwell chosen the be 'Lord Protector'
2. Why did people learn to hate him?
1. He was a well likes MP, he was Puritan, he came up with the New Model Army (who won the civil war)
2. He was too strict with this new rules and let his Major-Generals be mean to people.