Democracy and Government
What is democracy?
A system of government where the people have the power to determine how they will be ruled.
What is Parliament?
The national or state law-making body made up of elected representatives.
What is another name for laws?
Legal rules.
What is a summary offence?
A minor offence heard in the Magistrates' Court.
What does "presumption of innocence" mean?
A person is innocent until proven guilty.
Name two values upheld in a democracy.
Respect, equality, fairness or freedom.
What is a political independent?
A politician who does not belong to a political party.
What is the rule of law?
The principle that laws apply equally to everyone and must be obeyed by all.
What is an indictable offence?
A serious offence heard before a judge and jury.
Why are people allowed to appeal a court decision?
To ensure the case was decided fairly and without bias.
What is the role of the Governor-General?
Represent the King, appoints ambassadors, ministers and judges, and approves laws passed by Parliament.
What is a campaign?
An organised series of actions used to persuade voters during an election.
What are the four principles of the Australian legal system?
Equality before the law, fair hearing, independent judiciary, and right to appeal.
What is the role of a judge?
To interpret the law, manage courtroom procedures, and ensure a fair trial.
Why might someone not be allowed to appeal?
They do not have reasonable grounds for appeal.
Is voting compulsory in Australia?
Yes
How many senators does each Australian state have?
12 senators.
What is meant by equality before the law?
Everyone is treated equally regardless of race, gender, income, ethnicity, or ability.
What is the role of a jury?
To listen to evidence, determine facts, and decide a verdict.
How do we keep court trials fair?
Through presumption of innocence, an independent judiciary, and the right to appeal.
What happens if no political party wins at least 76 seats in a federal election?
A hung parliament is formed.
How is a coalition government formed?
Two or more parties combine their seats to reach a majority and share cabinet positions.
What is precedent?
A legal principle established by higher courts that lower courts must follow in similar cases.
Name three examples of indictable offences.
Murder, armed robbery, and serious drug offences.
What are the two divisions of the Supreme Court?
Supreme Court (General Division) and Supreme Court of Appeal.