Earth's Layers
Outer layer of the Earth
Crust
That the continents move around on Earth's surface and that they were once joined together as a single supercontinent called Pangea
At what plate boundaries do volcanoes form?
Convergent and Divergent
Younger
Thickest layer of the Earth
Mantle
How do divergent plates move?
Who proposed the theory of continental drift?
Alfred Wegener
What plate boundary forms mountains?
Continent-continent convergent boundaries
What type of earthquakes does Australia get?
Intraplate Quakes
What occurs in the mantle that drives plate tectonics?
Convection Currents
What event(s) occur at transform plate boundaries?
Earthquakes
What were the four pieces of evidence Alfred Wegener used to support his theory of continental drift?
1. Fossils
2. Climate Data/Glacial Patterns
3. Shape of the Continents
4. Geological Features (Mountain Ranges)
At which plate boundary is the Earth's crust created?
Divergent plate boundaries
What was the largest dinosaur?
Supersaurus
What layer of the Earth is broken into tectonic plates?
Crust and top of the mantle OR Lithosphere
The Indo-Australian Plate
What modern evidence do we have for continental drift (plate tectonics)?
Seafloor spreading, satellite data, earthquakes, ocean mapping.
How do volcanoes occur at plate boundaries?
Movement at plate boundaries allow magma to rise up from the mantle to the crust, where it becomes lava and forms volcanoes as it cools and solidifies. At convergent plate boundaries, the oceanic plate subducts and melts due to heat and friction, creating magma which can then rise up to the surface.
When did Pangea exist?
Pangea existed between about 299 million years ago (at the start of the Permian Period of geological time) to about 180 million years ago (during the Jurassic Period).
How many major tectonic plates are there?
7
How did Hawaii Form?
The Hawaiian Islands were formed by volcanic activity. The Hawaiian Islands are an example of an island chain created by hot-spot volcanism. Each island in the chain is successively older toward the northwest because the plate is moving northwest over a magma plume.
How do fossils support the theory of continental drift?
Scientists have found fossils of similar types of plants and animals in rocks of similar age. These rocks were on the shores of different continents. The fossils found are of freshwater animals or of plants. This suggests that the continents were once joined.
Where does seafloor spreading occur? Is the Earth's crust all the same age? Explain
When was the first Ice Age movie released?
2002