Forms of Energy
Name two types of kinetic energy.
What are mechanical and thermal (heat) energy?
Heat always moves from…
What is “hot to cold”?
Light travels fastest in which medium?
What is a vacuum?
Sound travels fastest in which state of matter: solid, liquid, or gas?
What is solid?
What is the unit of electric current?
What is amperes (A)?
What is the difference between potential and kinetic energy?
What is “potential is stored energy, kinetic is energy of motion”?
What type of heat transfer occurs in solids?
What is conduction?
What type of wave is light: transverse or longitudinal?
What is transverse?
What type of wave is sound: transverse or longitudinal?
What is longitudinal?
In a series circuit, what happens to current if you add more resistors?
What is “the current decreases”?
A stretched rubber band has which type of stored energy?
What is elastic potential energy?
Why is air a good thermal insulator?
What is “air particles are far apart, so heat transfers slowly”?
Define the term “refraction.”
What is “the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another”?
What part of the ear vibrates first when sound waves enter?
What is the eardrum (tympanic membrane)?
What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator?
What is “conductors allow charge to flow; insulators resist charge flow”?
State the law that says energy cannot be created or destroyed.
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
Name the process where hot fluids rise and cold fluids sink.
What is convection?
Which colour of visible light has the highest frequency?
What is violet?
Define amplitude in terms of sound.
What is “the height of the wave, which determines loudness”?
In a parallel circuit with three identical bulbs, what happens to the total current when another parallel branch is added, and why?
What is “the total current increases because adding another branch reduces the overall resistance of the circuit”?
Chemical energy in food is converted into which three forms in the human body?
What are kinetic, thermal, and sound energy?
A student places a metal spoon and a wooden spoon in hot water. The metal spoon becomes hotter faster. Explain why.
What is “metal has free-moving electrons that transfer heat more easily”?
Explain why objects appear red.
What is “they absorb all other colours and reflect red”?
Why can humans hear some frequencies of sound but not others, and what is the typical hearing range for humans?
What is “because the structures in the ear can only detect vibrations within a certain frequency range, typically 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz”?
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of parallel circuits.
Advantage: If one branch fails, the rest still work.
Disadvantage: They use more wiring and are more complex.