Homeostasis
What is Homeostasis?
Process when an organism maintains a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment.
What type of messages are passed within a neuron?
Electrical impulses (i.e. Action Potentials).
What are the two divisions of the human nervous system?
Central nervous system (CNS) and Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
How many hemispheres do we have in our brains?
Two!
How do chemical messengers flow throughout our body?
Through our bloodstream!
What are three factors that our bodies should keep balanced?
List the three types of neurons.
Interneuron, Motor neuron, Sensory neuron.
What does the Central Nervous system (CNS) consist of?
Brain and Spinal cord.
List the lobes we have in each hemisphere.
Parietal, Frontal, Temporal, Occipital.
What does the hypothalamus do (in relation to the endocrine system)?
Links the nervous system and endocrine system.
What are two types of receptors?
E.g. Mechano-receptor, Chemo-receptor, Thermo-receptor, Photo-receptor.
What is the function of the myelin sheath?
Acts as insulation for nerve impulse, speeding up the impulse and reduces interference from other neighboring neurons. Also acts as protection for the Axon.
What does the somatic nervous system do?
Controls voluntary muscle movements (e.g. walking, running, moving arm, writing, typing.)
What is one thing our brain stem regulates?
Regulates essential life-sustaining functions - e.g. breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, consciousness.
Which hormones are released when you are hungry?
Ghrelin and Leptin.
What is an example of a stimulus that would trigger Chemo-receptors?
What is another name for Interneurons and why?
Relay neurons, because they provide a connection between the sensory and motor parts of the nervous system.
What does the autonomic nervous system do?
Controls our involuntary muscle movements / body functions (e.g. breathing, sweating, tearing up, etc.)
What is the role of our primary visual cortex?
It receives and processes information from the visual sensory receptors in the retina of both of our eyes.
What hormone is responsible for regulating sleep and which gland controls the secretion?
Melatonin, and the secretion is controlled by the Pineal Gland.
What is an example of a negative feedback loop?
The changes in our pupils in responses to different levels of light.
In the initial reflex of a spinal reflex arc, is the message processed by the brain before the reflex action?
No. When the message is received from the sensory neuron, the interneuron will immediately pass it onto the motor neuron to facilitate the action.
What type of neurons make up the Peripheral Nervous System?
Sensory and Motor Neurons.
What can happen if we damage our cerebellum?
What does Glucagon do?
It signals the muscle and liver cells to release stored glycogen, reverting it back to glucose to increase blood glucose levels.