Industrial Revolution
How did the Industrial Revolution affect population movement?
The Industrial Revolution caused a massive migration of people from rural areas to urban centres in search of work in factories, leading to rapid urbanisation and changes in social structures.
What were the main causes of World War I?
The main causes of World War I included militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism, often summarised as the acronym M.A.I.N.
Who were the main countries involved in WW2?
The main combatants were the Axis powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) and the Allies (France, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and, to a lesser extent, China).
What is global food security?
Global food security refers to the availability, access, and utilisation of food to ensure that all people have enough to eat for a healthy life.
What is urbanisation?
Urbanisation is the process by which an increasing percentage of a population moves from rural areas to urban areas, often leading to the growth of cities.
What were some of the push and pull factors for migration during the Industrial Revolution?
Push factors included poverty and lack of work in rural areas, while pull factors included job opportunities and the promise of a better life in urban industrial centres.
What is trench warfare?
Trench warfare is a type of combat where opposing troops fight from trenches facing each other, characterised by a stalemate and horrific conditions for soldiers.
How did World War II impact women’s roles in society?
Women took on new roles in the workforce, filling gaps left by men who went to fight, and many served in auxiliary military positions, leading to a long-term shift in gender roles
How do biomes affect agricultural practices?
Different biomes, such as tropical rainforests, deserts, and temperate regions, provide varying climates and soil types that influence the types of crops that can be cultivated.
What are some push factors that drive people to urban areas?
Push factors include lack of jobs, poor living conditions, environmental degradation, and limited access to services in rural areas.
What role did the steam engine play in the Industrial Revolution?
The steam engine revolutionised transportation and manufacturing by enabling faster movement of goods and people, facilitating trade and the establishment of rail networks, which contributed to urbanisation.
How did trench warfare affect soldiers' experiences during World War I?
Soldiers faced harsh conditions in the trenches, including mud, disease, and constant danger from enemy attacks, leading to psychological trauma and high casualty rates.
What role did propaganda play during World War II?
Propaganda was used by all sides to bolster morale, demonise the enemy, encourage enlistment, and promote war efforts on the home front.
What role do staple food crops play in global food security?
Staple crops like rice, wheat, and maize provide a significant portion of the world's caloric intake and are essential for feeding large populations.
What are some pull factors that attract people to cities?
Pull factors include better employment opportunities, access to education and healthcare, and improved infrastructure and services in urban areas.
What was the Industrial Revolution?
The Industrial Revolution was a period of significant industrial growth and technological innovation that began in the late 18th century, primarily in Britain, leading to a shift from agrarian economies to industrialised and urban ones.
What was the significance of the Battle of the Somme?
The Battle of the Somme was one of the largest battles of World War I, highlighting the horrors of trench warfare and resulting in over one million casualties, with little territorial gain.
What were the main causes of World War II?
Causes included unresolved issues from World War I, the rise of totalitarian regimes, economic instability from the Great Depression, and aggressive expansionism by countries like Germany, Italy, and Japan.
What challenges affect food security globally?
Challenges include climate change, population growth, economic instability, conflict, and unequal distribution of resources, which can lead to food shortages and malnutrition.
How does urbanisation impact the environment?
Urbanisation can lead to habitat destruction, increased pollution, and higher resource consumption, challenging sustainability efforts and biodiversity.
How did the Industrial Revolution influence the working conditions of labourers?
The Industrial Revolution often resulted in poor working conditions, long hours, and low wages for labourers in factories, leading to the rise of labour movements advocating for workers' rights.
What role did alliances play in the outbreak of World War I?
Alliances created a web of commitments among nations, meaning that a conflict between two countries could quickly escalate into a larger war involving many nations.
What were the consequences of World War II?
Consequences included the establishment of the United Nations, the beginning of the Cold War, significant territorial changes, and widespread human rights discussions, as well as the impact of the Holocaust.
How can sustainable agricultural practices contribute to food security?
Sustainable practices, such as crop rotation, organic farming, and agroforestry, can improve soil health, increase biodiversity, and enhance resilience to climate change, supporting long-term food security.
What are the effects of urbanisation on social structures?
Urbanisation can lead to diverse communities, changes in family dynamics, increased social stratification, and challenges such as housing shortages and social inequality