Acids & bases.
What number would a strong acid & a strong base have?
Strong acid: 1-2.
Strong base: 13-14.
An atom's atomic number is equal to the number of...
...protons in its nucleus.
How many Hydrogen atoms are seen in the below compound of water?
3H2O
6.
Identify an example of a producer & a consumer.
Producer: plants & algae.
Consumer: mouse, shark, human, etc.
What type of force enables heavy cruise ships (which can weigh up to 100,000 tonnes) to float on water?
Buoyancy.
Identify 2 different examples of an acid & a base from around the home.
Answers may include:
Acids:
-Orange juice, citrus fruits, soft drink, etc.
Bases:
-Soap, dishwashing detergent, oven cleaner, etc.
An atom's atomic mass number equates to...
...the number of neutrons & protons in an the nucleus.
What are the scientific terms for a positive & negatively-charged ion?
Positively-charged ion: cation.
Negatively-charged ion: anion.
Two kangaroos fighting one another for mating rights is an example of what type of interaction?
Intraspecific competition.
In a scientific experiment, why should you only change 1 variable at a time?
So that you can be sure that the results are directly attributed to the variable that you changed.
Identify a type of indicator which can determine the pH of a substance.
Universal indicator or litmus paper.
What's the maximum number of electrons that can fit in the first 3 shells of an atom?
1st shell: 2.
2nd shell: 8.
3rd shell: 8.
Balance the following chemical equation by writing the number where the question mark is.
2Mg + Cl2 --> ?MgCl
2.
Identify 3 different biotic & abiotic factors found within a rainforest ecosystem.
Biotic: plants, insects & birds.
Abiotic: sunlight, rainfall & humidity.
How old is Sir David Attenborough?
99 years!
What type of ions (Hydroxide or Hydrogen) do bases & acids release in solution?
Bases release Hydroxide ions, whereas acids release Hydrogen ions.
Magnesium has an atomic number of 12. How many valence electrons will it have?
2 (2 electrons in the 1st shell, 8 in the 2nd shell & the remaining 2 in the 3rd/outermost shell).
Outline the key difference between endothermic & exothermic chemical reactions, & provide an example of each.
Endothermic reactions absorb heat & become colder as a result (e.g. an instant ice pack).
Exothermic reactions release heat & become warmer as a result (e.g. hand warmers).
Describe the term 'symbiosis'.
What does the acronym 'REM' stand for in REM sleep?
Rapid Eye Movement.
What happens to the pH of a substance as more Hydrogen ions are released?
The pH number decreases, indicating that the substance is becoming more acidic.
Identify the type of bonds which would be found between 2 Chlorine atoms (both non-metals), & an atom of Sodium (metal) & Chlorine(non-metal).
Chlorine atoms: covalent bond.
Sodium + Chlorine: ionic bond.
Answers may include:
-Stirring the solution.
-Increasing the temperature.
-Increasing the concentration of chemicals.
Compare a food chain & a food web, & provide an example of each within the ocean.
Food chains show a simple sequential flow of energy from one species to another, whereas a food web includes multiple arrows to show that different species consume the same food source.
What does an ornithologist study?
Birds!