Types of Waves
What are the two main types of waves?
Transverse and longitudinal wave
What is frequency measured in?
Hertz (Hz)
What kind of wave is a sound wave?
A longitudinal wave
What does ROYGBIV represent?
The colours of visible light
What is ultrasound?
Sound with a frequency above 20 kHz
Which type of wave is light?
Transverse wave
What does wavelength measure?
The distance between two peaks or troughs
What are compressions in a sound wave?
Areas where particles are close together (high pressure
What is reflection?
Light bouncing off a surface
What does SONAR stand for?
Sound Navigation And Ranging
Which type of wave is sound?
Longitudinal wave
What happens to wavelength when frequency increases (for light)?
Wavelength decreases
What is an echo?
A reflected sound wave
What is the law of reflection?
Angle of incidence = angle of reflection
How do bats navigate in the dark?
Using echolocation (ultrasound and echoes)
Which type of wave can travel through a vacuum?
Transverse waves (e.g., light)
Which property of a wave determines its loudness?
Amplitude
In which state of matter does sound travel fastest?
Solids
What happens when light moves from air into glass?
It slows down and bends toward the normal (refraction)
What is the Doppler effect?
A change in frequency due to relative motion between source and observer
Why can sound not travel through space?
It requires a medium (particles) to vibrate, and space is a vacuum
Explain the relationship between frequency and pitch in sound.
Higher frequency = higher pitch; lower frequency = lower pitch
What factors affect the speed of sound?
Density and temperature of the medium
Why does a red object appear red?
It reflects red light and absorbs other colours
How is SONAR used to measure ocean depth?
By timing how long it takes sound waves to travel to the seabed and return