Continental Drift
Man who proposed the Continental Drift Theory
Alfred Wegener
Fossils are typically only found in this type of rock
Sedimentary
This type of rock forms when lava or magma hardens
Igneous rock
Harry Hess
Large underground pool of molten rock sitting underneath Earth's crust.
Magma Chamber
The four pieces of evidence to support the continental drift theory
1. Fossils
2. Continental Fit
3. Glacial Evidence
4. Landforms & Rock Layers
The study of fossils is____________ and the scientist that studies fossils is a ______________
1. Paleontology
2. Paleontologist
The process in which new minerals stick together just like cement to form a sedimentary rock is called____________
Cementation
Transfers energy in the mantle causing hotter magma to rise and form currents of magma.
Convection Currents
A wide flat volcano formed by thick lava flows that flows slowly, not explosive
Shield Volcano
Laurasia and Gondwanaland were giant pieces of land that formed Pangea. When they broke apart the formed what would be the ______________ and ________________
hemispheres of the United States.
Northern and Southern
Fossils that are typically found in the same layer of rock in multiple different locations. They suggest boundaries in geological time.
Index Fossils
Weathering can be caused by
rain, ice, wind, chemical changes, or living things
Oceanic Crust
Intrusions that form when magma cools and solidifies under Earth's surface.
Igneous Intrusion
Striations helped serve as glacial evidence for the continental drift theory. What are striations AND what are they caused by?
2. Glaciers
True or False: Absolute Age is the most accurate form of dating fossils. It tells the age by measuring chemical elements left over in the fossil.
True
Often formed by depositing in layers.
Sedimentary Rock
When 2 continental crusts collide & push against each other ______________ is formed
Folded Mountains
When the more dense oceanic crust slides under the continental crust and is destroyed
Subduction zone
Palm tree leaf fossils were found in South America and in Africa. Explain how this fact supports the continental drift Theory.
Since the same species were found on different continents, it suggests that perhaps South America and Africa were once connected.
The Earth is approximately _______________ billion years old.
4 or 4.5
Erosion
A long chain of volcanoes that surround the Pacific Ocean. One of the most geologically active areas on Earth
Ring of Fire
Regions of the mantle that are very hot compared to the surrounding mantle.
Hot Spot Volcanoes