Yoga Philosophy, History & Language pt. 1

Sanskrit as a Language

100

A language spoken today that is the closest relative to Sanskrit

Hindi

200

The language family from which most languages in Eurasia are descendent, including English and Sanskrit 

Indo-European

300

Used for ceremonial rituals, hymns, and mantras, this spoken language is often considered sacred

SAMSKRTA
(sum-skrih-tuh)

400

Similar to the alphabet, this left-to-right script is used for Sanskrit, Hindi, and other Indic languages

DEVANAGARI or NAGARI

(day-vuh-na-gree) 

500

Nataraja (Shiva) in an effort to enlighten his followers, danced his cosmic dance and banged is Damaru (drum) this many times creating the first sounds as the basis of Sanskrit alphabet

14 times

Sanskrit -> English

100

Arda

Half

200

Hasta

Hand

300

Gardua

Eagle

400

Danda

Staff

500

Mandala

Circle

Yoga Sutras

100

Unclear if this was one person or many, this sage and scribe of the Sutras is often incorrectly labeled the "Father of Yoga"

Pantanjali

200

Sutra shares etymology with this medical term used in English today

sutures

Sutra = "thread"

300

The Yoga Sutras outlined the Astanga Path & system of Raja Yoga to achieve this state

Purification (mental & emotional)

400

According to the sutras, this is the definition of yoga is captured in the following statement

Yogas citta vritti nirodhah

"The stilling of the ripples of the mind"
(The definition of yoga)

500

"Now begins the instruction of yoga" is the translation to the this opening line to the Sutras

Atha Yoga-anushasanam - Yoga Sutra 1.1

8-Limb Path

100

The practice of yoga is meant to achieve this Sanskrit word for "same with intellect" or "enlightenment"

Samadhi

200

This Sanskrit word for "seat" also refers to "postures"

Asana

300

As control of breath or life force, this limb can be practiced with and without physical postures

Pranayama

400

Popularized in a time when Yoga was mostly practiced through renunciation, this limb means "withdrawal from the senses"

Pratyahara

500

[2 answers] Often described as the ability to have effortless concentration, this limb is achieved after first practicing this other limb meant to cultivate patience and persistence

Dhyana (mediation) & Dharana (focus)

Yamas & Niyamas

100

Often referred to as a system of ethics, this limb describes how we should behave to others

Yamas

200

Meaning self-discipline, this niyama is often supported by ujjayi pranayama

Tapas

300

At the center of Karma Yoga, this Yama releases us from being attached to the outcomes of our actions

Aparigraha

400

When you were preparing for Jeopardy today, you practiced this Niyama

Svadhyaya

500

Referring to a devotion to Oneness, or one's highest self, this Niyama is two words

Isvara Parnidhana