How Old Are You?
A child who is between 1 and 3 years old.
What is a TODDLER
Name 2 anatomical differences of the pediatric airway
What is:
1) Larger, rounder occiput
2) Larger tongue (also more anterior)
3) Larger epiglottis
4) Less developed rings of cartilage in the trachea
5) Airway is more funnel shaped
An inflammation of the lung caused by bacterial, viral or fungal causes in the elderly.
What is pneumonia?
PAT
What is the pediatric assessment triangle
The slow onset of progressive disorientation, shortened attention span and loss of cognitive function.
What is dementia.
School-age children span what ages?
What is 6 to 12 years
Name 3 changes in the respiratory system of an older person.
What is: 1) Weakening of the airway musculature
2) Alveoli become enlarged - decreases the ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
3) Decreased cough and gag reflexes.
Explain head bobbing and what it can mean
What is the head lifts during inspiration and moves/drops forward during expiration. It can indicated difficulty breathing.
Three elements of PAT
1) Appearance - muscle tone and mental status
2) Work of breathing
3) Circulation to the skin
Abdominal pain radiating through to the back, in an adult, can indicate this condition.
What is a AAA
A child between birth and 1 year of age.
What is an INFANT?
The respiratory rate of a newborn
What is 30 to 60 breaths/minute
The sudden blockage of an artery by a venous clot in the lungs.
What is a pulmonary embolism?
Orthopnea
A condition that is characterized by a decrease in bone mass leading to a greater chance of bone fracture.
What is osteoporosis
What is 12 to 18 years?
Why children more prone to head injuries
What is their heads are disproportionately larger
Signs of right-sided heart failure vs. left-sided heart failure.
What is:
Right-side - Jugular vein distention; ascites; peripheral edema in the body tissues
Left-side - Excess fluid
Myocardial infarction
What is a heart attack
The sudden change in mental status, consciousness or cognitive processes.
What is delirium.
What is a PRESCHOOL-AGE child?
Pulse rate of a child (2-10 years old)
What is 60 to 140
Atherosclerosis
What is an accumulation of fat/cholesterol in the arteries.
DVT
Childhood illness characterized by a seal-bark cough.
What is croup
The assessment and treatment of disease in someone over 65 years old is called what?
What is GERIATRICS?
The "soft spots" on an infant's head
What are fontanelles
A disease that causes the arteries to thicken, harden and calcify.
What is arteriosclerosis?
TICKLS
(Table 34-4)
Tone, Interactiveness Consolability, Look/gaze and Speech/cry
GEMS
G - Geriatric patients
E - Environment
M - Medial Assessment
S - Social Assessment