History of
Youth Justice
Youth Justice
Legislation (law) that was enacted in 1984 clarifying more defined sentences. It protected youth privacy, however all sentencing was limited to 3 years.
Young Offenders Act
A young person aged 12 to 17 who commits a crime
Young Offender
Name 2 of the 4 factors that determine the consequences a youth faces for committing a crime.
Circumstances of the Youth
Seriousness of the Crime
Attitude of the Youth
History of Breaking the Law
Name 2 of the 4 Objectives of the Youth Criminal Justice Act?
Prevent Youth Crime
Rehabilitation and Reintegration
Meaningful Consequences
Separation of Youth and Adults
Any group of people that supports a social cause for others, such as helping people get back on their feet after a prison sentence.
Advocacy Groups
A person who has authority because of age or experience (Usually 65 or older)
Elder
Means treating people in a way that provides them with what they need, as opposed to Equality, which is treating everyone the same.
Fair and Equitable
The part of the Justice System that deals with offenders aged 18+. It involves going to court to determine consequences and receiving a criminal record.
Criminal Code
Unpaid work done by an offender as payment for crimes committed (A less harsh sentence than going to prison)
Community Service
To restore someones way of life after a crime by providing resources that they need, such as shelter, food, counselling, employment opportunities.
Rehabilitate
An organization that supplies multiple types of rehabilitation and reintegration services to prisoners that have been discharged.
John Howard Society
Where trials and other legal cases happen (Presided over by a judge and jury)
Court
Legislation (law) that was created in 1908 to separate youth justice from adult justice. It was gender biased and could be very harsh or lenient.
Juvenile Delinquents Act
True or False:
Adult sentencing can be used for youth 12-17 who commit serious offences.
False: Youth aged 14+ can receive an adult sentence for a serious offence.
Provides professional guidance in order to find a resolution to personal or cognitive issues
Counseling
Give an example of a meaningful consequence to a non-violent crime?
Answers will vary
A organization that takes care of women, girls and children who have been criminalized and diminished, gives them a opportunity to reach their full potential
Elizabeth Fry Society
A group of people randomly selected from the population to oversee and dictate the sentencing of an offender
Jury
True or False:
Youth crime decreased significantly in 2003 when the Youth Criminal Justice Act was enacted.
True
Separation of Youth Justice and Adult Justice was due to youth lacking what?
Maturity/Decision Making Skills
Name two types of programming a youth could receive as consequences for committing a crime?
Therapy/Counselling - Community Service
Face to Face Apology to the Victim
Fix/Pay for Damages - Addictions Counselling
Give an example of a meaningful consequence for a violent crime?
Answers will vary
The tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend; Advocacy groups significantly reduce this for offenders.
Recidivism
Name two legal roles and responsibilities that citizens are expected to follow?
Pay Taxes - Jury Duty - Witness
Vote - Know the Law - Obey the Law
The system that covers the prosecution of youth offenders ages 12-17, enacted in 2003.
Youth Criminal Justice Act
A document kept by authorities naming any previous offenses that a person has committed.
Criminal Record
What types of crime could result in an adult sentence?
Presumptive “a” offences: Specified offences (murder, attempted murder, manslaughter, aggravated sexual assault)
Presumptive “b” offences: repeating of serious violent offence
The action of re-entering society after time in prison.
Reintegrate
A community-directed system thats goal is to reach a consensus on an appropriate sentence for an offender. It's based on the idea that a crime is an offense against the entire community, not just the victim.
Sentencing Circle
The obligation to act as a member of a jury, someone can be called to do ___ every three years.
Jury Duty