States of Matter
what is matter?
This is anything that has mass and takes up space.
what is a pure substance and give an example of one
A material made of only one type of particle. e.g. gold, silver, carbon, oxygen, water
what is a solution?
A mixture where one substance dissolves in another.
this piece of equipment heats substances used in the science lab
bunsen burner
what is an independent variable?
the variable that is changed in an experiment
what are the 3 states of matter?
solid, liquid and gas
what is a mixture and give an example of one
A material made of two or more substances physically combined. e.g. milo and milk, salad
in a salt water solution what is the solvent?
water
Name two pieces of emergency safety equipment in a lab. and point to their location
glasses, fire extinguisher, eye wash station
what is a dependent variable?
a variable that is measured
describe the features of a solid
Has a fixed shape and fixed volume. Particles vibrate in fixed position, cannot be compressed
what is a homogenous mixture and give an example of one
A mixture where the substances are evenly mixed and look the same throughout, e.g. solutions, cordial and water, milk
what is a solute?
what is a solvent?
solute: The substance that gets dissolved.
solvent: the substance that does the dissolving
this piece of equipment is used to measure liquid volume accurately.- what is it called?
measuring cylinder
why do we have controlled variables?
to keep the experiment as a fair test.
This state of matter takes the shape of its container but keeps the same volume. It can be compressed but not easily, particles can flow over each other. name this state of matter
liquids
what is a heterogenous mixture? give an example of one
a mixture where the particles are not evenly distributed and can settle out. e.g. salad, salad dressing, nut mix
what is concentration
The amount of solute dissolved in a solvent
what piece of lab equipment can hold a test tube over the flame of the bunsen burner
retort stand
A student investigates how temperature affects how fast sugar dissolves.
Identify: The independent variable, the dependent variable, one controlled variable
Independent variable: temperature of water
Dependent variable: time taken for sugar to dissolve
Control variable: amount of sugar, volume of water, stirring rate
A syringe contains air. When the plunger is pushed down, the air volume decreases.
Using the particle model, explain why gases can be compressed but solids cannot.
Gas particles are far apart with lots of empty space between them, so they can be pushed closer together. Solid particles are tightly packed with almost no empty space, so they cannot compress.
name 2 types of homogenous mixtures and give an example of them
name 2 types of heterogenous mixtures and give a example of them
homogenous-
- solution, cordial
- colloid, milk
heterogenous-
mechanical mixtures- salad
suspensions- salad dressing
what is a saturated solution?
A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve.
During an experiment a student spills a chemical near their eyes.
Explain which safety equipment should be used immediately and why.
eye wash station
what do all graphs need?
- title
- axis titles with units
- accurate scale
-accurate data plotting