Measuring Cardiac Rhythms
Sinus Dysrhythmias
Atrial Dysrhythmias
Ventricular Dysrhythmias
Other Dysrhythmias
100
How the regularity of a cardiac rhythm is determined.
What is by looking at the R-to-R spacing?
100
This sinus dysrhythmia is characterized by a heart rate slower than 60 beats per minute, as seen in the EKG strip.
1. Rhythm: Regular
2. Heart rate: <60 beats per minute
3. P waves: Rounded, upright, before each QRS complex
4. PR interval: 0.12 to 0.20 seconds
5. QRS interval: <0.10 seconds
What is sinus bradycardia?
100
This atrial dysrhythmia is described by the following:
1. Rhythm: interrupt the rhythm
2. Heart rate: Per underlying rhythm
3. P waves: Early beat, abnormal shape
4. PR interval: Usually normal
5. QRS interval: <0.10 seconds
What is Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC)?
100
This ventricular dysrhythmia is described in the following:
1. Rhythm: interrupt the rhythm
2. Heart rate: Per underlying rhythm
3. P waves: Absent in these
4. PR interval: None for these
5. QRS interval: >0.10 seconds
What is Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVC)?
100
This dysrhythmia is described by the following:
1.Rhythm: None
2.Heart rate: None
3.P waves: None
4. PR interval: None
5.QRS interval: None
What is asystole?
200
Part of the EKG rhythm strip represents ventricular depolarization
What is QRS complex?
200
This rhythm is being described by:
1. Rhythm: regular
2. Heart rate: 68 beats/minute
3. P wave: rounded, upright, one before each QRS complex
4. PR interval: 0.13 seconds
5. QRS interval: 0.07 seconds
6. QT interval: 0.40 seconds
What is Normal Sinus Rhythm?
All normal findings! (PR 0.12-0.2, QRS 0.06-0.10, QT 0.34-0.43)
200
This atrial dysrhythmia is described by the following:
1. Rhythm: Atrial rhythm regular
2. Heart rate: Varies
3. P waves: F waves, sawtooth pattern; Multiple P waves; very rapid P waves appear as F waves
4. PR interval: None measurable
5. QRS interval: <0.10 seconds
What is atrial flutter?
200
Which ventricular dysrhythmia is described in the following:
1. Rhythm: Usually regular
2. Heart rate: 150 to 250 ventricular beats per minute
3. P waves: Absent
4. PR interval: None
5. QRS interval: WIDE; >0.10 seconds
What is Ventricular Tachycardia
200
This immediate action should be taken for asystole.
What is CPR?
300
Part of the EKG rhythm strip represents atrial depolarization.
What is P wave?
300
This sinus dysrhythmia is described by the following:
1. Rhythm: Regular
2. Heart rate: 101 to 180 beats per minute
3. P waves: Rounded, upright, before each QRS complex
4. PR interval: 0.12 to 0.20 seconds
5. QRS interval: <0.10 seconds
What is sinus tachycardia?
300
A shock is delivered to correct certain arrhythmias. It allows the R wave to be sensed for safe delivery of a shock. Sedation is used along with low energy, 25-50 joules.
What is synchronized cardioversion?
300
This ventricular dysrhythmia is described by the following:
1. Rhythm: Chaotic, extremely irregular
2. Heart rate: Not measurable
3. P waves: None
4. PR interval: None
5. QRS interval: None
What is ventricular fibrillation?
300
This is a common cause of Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA).
What is hypovolemia, hypoxia, metabolic acidosis, and other factors?
400
The normal PR interval measurement is between this range.
What is 0.12 to 0.20 seconds?
400
Beta blockers can treat hypertension. This is a contraindication for giving a beta blocker.
What is asthma, heart block, pulse less than 60 BPM, or SBP less than 90 mmHg.
400
This atrial dysrhythmia is described by the following:
1. Rhythm: Irregularly irregular
2. Heart rate: Atrial rate not measurable; ventricular rate < 100 = controlled response “controlled”; > 100 = rapid ventricular response “RVR”
3. P waves: No identifiable P waves
4. PR interval: None measurable
5. QRS interval: <0.10 seconds
What is atrial fibrillation?
400
This is the treatment for ventricular fibrillation.
What is immediate defibrillation?
400
This essential intervention is used for treating Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) or Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia (VT).
What is CPR and defibrillation?
500
The normal QRS interval measurement is between this range.
What is 0.06 to 0.10 seconds?
500
This is indicated when a heart rhythm has an elevated ST segment.
What is myocardial infarction?
500
This is one treatment for atrial fibrillation?
What is:
Synchronized cardioversion if unstable
Medications (Beta blocker, Calcium channel blocker, Digoxin)
Anticoagulation
Ablation
500
This is the treatment for pulseless ventricular tachycardia vs stable ventricular tachycardia?
Pulseless ventricular tachycardia:
What is immediate defibrillation?
Stable ventricular tachycardia:
What is Antiarrhythmic medications?
500
This medication is commonly used to treat Ventricular Tachycardia with a pulse.
What is Amiodarone or Lidocaine?