Nystrom’s Framework
What does Zeitgeist mean in fashion?
The spirit or mood of a specific time period.
What does the “Trickle-Down” theory describe?
Fashion starting with elites and spreading downward.
The “Flapper Look” was from which decade?
1920s
The First Phase of Modern Fashion centered around which city?
Paris
What is Retro Fashion?
Revival of past styles with modern twists.
Who created the Zeitgeist framework in 1928?
Paul Nystrom
When the median age is low, which direction does fashion move?
Trickle-up (from youth to older generations).
Who designed the “New Look” of 1947?
Christian Dior
Who was the first true fashion designer (couturier)?
Charles Frederick Worth
According to Laver’s Law, why do old styles come back?
Opinions about them change over time (nostalgia).
Name one of Nystrom’s “Dominating Factors.”
Events, Ideals, Social Groups, Attitudes, Technology, or Persons
Who developed the Collective Selection Theory?
Herbert Blumer
The “Youthquake Look” shifted fashion power from ___ to ___.
Paris → London
The Second Phase (1960s–1990s) emphasized what?
Youthfulness, individuality, and novelty.
What does the Long-Wave Phenomenon explain?
How long fashion trends last and how big they get.
What major historical event heavily influenced the 1940s fashion Zeitgeist?
World War II
What does the Collective Selection Theory say about trend adoption?
People collectively choose styles that reflect their shared mood or values.
The “Power Dressing” look represented what kind of woman?
The professional, career-driven woman of the 1980s.
The Third Phase (1990s–2020s) is known for what?
Diversity, inclusivity, and blurred boundaries.
True or False: Laver’s Law suggests revivals happen randomly.
false
How does the Zeitgeist framework help fashion forecasters today?
It helps them identify cultural forces that drive trends.
What does the “Pendulum Swing” describe?
How fashion moves between opposites (ex: tight vs. loose, minimal vs. maximal).
What did the “Siren Look” of the 1930s emphasize?
A long, lean physique with wide shoulders and small waist.
What did the globalization of fashion during the third phase lead to?
Faster trend cycles and cultural mixing.
What does “historic continuity” mean in fashion?
Past styles continuously influence new ones.