Theorists
who named the study social patterns of positivism?
Auguste Comte
List the scientific method
Ask a question
research existing sources
hypothesize
design/conduct a study
draw conclusions
report results
Define culture.
Shared beliefs, values, and practices
a sociological research approach that seeks in-depth understanding of a topic or subject through observation or interaction; this approach is not based on hypothesis testing.
interpretive framework
Which organization created the code of ethics?
The American sociological association (ASA).
Who introduced sociology to English speaking scholars through her translation of Comte’s writing from French to English?
Harriet Martineau
What is the difference between qualitative and quantitive data?
Qualitative data can convey through words and give a wide rang of responses. Quantitative data are numbers and statistics.
what is the difference between material culture and non material culture?
Material culture that are items you can touch that are tangible. Nonmaterial culture, in contrast, consists of the ideas, attitudes, and beliefs of a society.
when study subjects behave in a certain manner due to their awareness of being observed by a researcher.
Hawthorne effect
Define what ethics in sociological research is.
a set of moral principles, especially ones relating to or affirming a specified group, field, or form of conduct.
Who believed that societies grew and change as a result of the struggles of different social classes over the means of production?
Karl Marx
What is ethnography?
Emerging of a social community to experience every day life.
Who investigated the existence of cultural universals while studying systems of kinship around the world?
George Murdock
the way that people understand the world based on their form of language.
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
what kind of codes of ethics require researchers to do? Give two examples.
1. Seek informed consent
2. Maintain objectivity and integrity in research
3. Respect subjects‘ rights to privacy and dignity
4. Preserve confidentiality
5. Acknowledge collaboration and assistance
6. Protect subjects from personal harm
7. Disclose sources of financial support
Who made the first book with the term sociology?
Herbert spencer
A random reporter asks multiple witnesses who were there at the time of school shooting. What kind of source is this?
Primary source data collection
How xenocentrism different from ethnosentrism?
They are opposites. Xenocentrism is the belief that one culture is better than ones own.
a technique sociologists use in which they view society through the metaphor of theatrical performance.
dramaturgical analysis
Which experiment was conducted on serval hundred African American men which half of then had syphilis But then men who has syphilis weren’t given the treatment or told they had syphils?
Tuskegee experiment
Who contributed the differences to socio—religious forces rather than to individual of psychological causes?
Émile Durkheim
What are three theoretical perspective?
1. Functionalism
2. Conflict theory
3. Symbolic interactionism
What’s the difference between sub-culture and counter-cultrue?
Sub-culture are smaller cultural group within a larger culture. Counter-culture are groups that reject and Oppose society's widely accepted cultural patterns.
a theoretical perspective through which scholars examine the relationship of individuals within their society by studying their communication (language and symbols).
symbolic interactionism
Whose cells were used unethically without her consent in a study.
Henrietta lacks