Chapter 5
Conscious memory, intentional recall of previos expeirences ( ex: what you ate for lunch )
What is Explicit Memory
Schema-guided construction of episodic memories that embellish, interpret, integrate, alter & distort encoded memory representations
Reconstructive retireval
Gernarl idea that enable the categorization of unique stimuli as related to one another. Ideas may be concrete (fruit) or abstract (mathmatics)
What is concepts
Mathematical procedure for automatically extracting and representing the meaning of proportions expressed in a text
What is late semantic analysis
Occurs when semantically related words are perceived. A high associate of these words is often falsely remembered
What is verbal false memories
Mental time travel, capacity for recollecting past & envisioning future through reconstructive retrieval processes.
Repression: defense mechanisms that prevents conscious recollection of disturbing events
Type of schema that represents the physical structure of the environment. Helps generate a mental map of the enjoyment and relations among psychical structures (ex. Office)
What is frames
Visual imagery, while not identical to perception, is mentally represented and functions that same way as perception
Functional Equivalence Hypothesis
Are lost under emotional duress, but not central features
What are peripheral details
Autobiographical memory includes specific temoral & a spatial features ( Ex: Your last bday )
Episodic Memory
Distortions caused by misleading information presented during questioning
What is misinformation effect
Human ability to infer that others, like ourselves, have mental states. Begins to develop at 2, but pretend play and reasoning skills helps it to fully develop by age 4
What is theory of mind
Participants were asked to mentally rotate items on the right to see if they matched the it. If objects are represented as images, then the time to make a decision should increase in a linear function to the angle of rotation (degrees)
Mental rotation experiment
Repression: defense mechanisms that prevents conscious recollection of disturbing events
What is recovered memories
Items to be learned are different from each other & other items already stored in memory
What is Distinctivness
Perceptual factors (poor visibility, rapid and unexpected events)
Selective encoding
Inability to understand that other people possess mental representations. May underlie the failures on social communication found in autism
What is mindiblindness
Type of schema that represents routine activities. They are usually sequential in nature and often involve social interactions (ex. Ordering food in a restaurant)
What is scripts
Recycling information within short-term memory by verbalizing it
What is maintenance rehearsal
recall of unrecognizable words, flip of the tounge. study test interactions in environmental context, mood congruence effect & state dependent learning.
What is encoding specificity effects
False autobiographical narrative of events that never happened
what is confabulation
Characteristics and defining features are processed first; then features are retrieved to categorized
what is feature comparison model
Selective encoding, Peripheral details, misinformation effect, memory implantation, recovered memories, trauma-induced amnesia, and false recollection
What is causes of false testiomony
Vivid recollection of an autobiographical event that carries a strong emotional component
What is flash bulb memories