Memory
Memory Hacks
Biology of Memory
Forgetting
Thinking and Language
100

the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information

What is memory?

100

Organizing information into meaningful units, such as letters, words, and phrases, helps us to recall it more easily

What is chunking?

100

A neural center located in the limbic system that helps process explicit memories for storage

What is the hippocampus?

100

occurs when misleading information is incorporated into one's memory after an event

What is the misinformation effect?

100

a mental image or best example of a category.

What is a prototype?

200

a measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time

What is relearning?

200

memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices

What are mnemonics?

200

The increase in synaptic firing potential that contributes to memory formation is known as 

What is long-term potentiation?

200

occurs when misleading information is incorporated into one's memory after an event

What is reconsolidation?

200

a simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently;

What is a heuristic?

300

the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system 

What is sensory memory?

300

the tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through massed study or practice

What is the spacing effect?

300

the neural storage of a long-term memory

What is priming?

300

the forward-acting disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information

What is proactive interference?

300

in cognition, the inability to see a problem from a new perspective; an obstacle to problem solving

What is fixation?
400

the processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain's natural mode of information processing for many functions, including vision. Contrasts with the step-by-step (serial) processing of most computers and of conscious problem solving.

What is parallel processing?

400

enhanced memory after retrieving, rather than simply rereading, information

What is testing effect?

400

the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood

What is mood-congruent memory?

400

the backward-acting disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information

What is retroactive interference? 

400

estimating the likelihood of events in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead us to ignore other relevant information

What is representativeness heuristic? 

500

retention of learned skills or classically conditioned associations independent of conscious recollection

What is implicit memory?

500

explicit memory of facts and general knowledge; one of our two conscious memory systems

What is semantic memory?

500

part of the brain network dedicated to implicit memory formation

What is the cerebellum (and basal ganglia)?

500

an inability to retrieve information from one's past

What is retrograde amnesia? 

500

 the weaker form of "linguistic relativity"-the idea that language affects thought (thus our thinking and world view is "relative to" our cultural language)

What is linguistic influence?

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