Inflammation & Immunity
What are the 2 parts of our immune system
innate & adaptive
antigen enters the body and antibodies are created to fight it
natural active
The best method for preventing infection transmission
hand hygiene
What is the normal sodium range
135-145
the stretch of the fibers at the end of diastole
Preload
The ability of our immune system to recognize our self versus non-self cells
Self-Tolerance
vaccination or immunization
artificial active
What are the different routes of transmission (5)
respiratory tract
GI tract
GU tract
skin or mucous membranes
bloodstream
What is the normal Magnesium Range
1.3-2.1
resistance that ventricles need to overcome to eject blood through semilunar valves out to peripheral blood vessels
Afterload
Components of our innate immunity
inflammation & infection
antibodies passed from mother to baby
natural passive
assumes that all body excretions, secretions, membranes and tissues are infectious
standard precautions
Lactated Ringers and Normal Saline are this type of solution
isotonic
How do beta blockers affect preload and afterload
increase preload
decrease afterload
Adaptive Immunity is further broken into
antibody mediated immunity
cell mediated immunity
blood transfusions are an example of this type of immunity
artificial passive
This type of precaution involves a private room or cohorting, gloves, gown, hand washing (no hand sanitizer), and dedicated patient equipment.
used for: MRSA, CDiff, VRE, scabies, lice
Contact Precautions
3% saline and D10W are examples of this type of solution
hypertonic
What effect do fluids have on preload and afterload
increase both
Type of immunity in which macrophages and T lymphocytes work with B cells to make antigen-antibody interactions
Antibody Mediated Immunity
hormone-like proteins that modify inflammation and immunity
cytokines
This drug is weight based, can be nephrotoxic & ototoxic, can cause flushing or itching. Need to monitor peaks and troughs. Red Man Syndrome
This electrolyte is important for the maintenance of blood volume and blood pressure. Alterations can cause changes in level of consciousness
sodium
administering a vasodilator will have this effect on preload and afterload
it will decrease both