Intro to neuroscience
What are glial cells, and what roles do they play in the nervous system?
Glial cells are non-neuronal cells that provide support for neurons. Some form myelin sheaths that insulate axons, while others nourish, support, and protect neurons.
This part of the neuron transmits elements into the synaptic cleft.
What are presynaptic terminals?
This general term describes the ability of neurons to change their function, structure, or chemical profile.
What is neuroplasticity?
The output unit of the neuron specialized to send information.
What are axons?
Interventions such as desensitization are examples of what?
What is neuroplasticity, habituation?
Differentiate between the somatosensory system and the somatic motor system.
These neurons relay commands from the CNS to muscles and glands.
What are efferent neurons?
This general term describes the ability of neurons to change their function, structure, or chemical profile.
What is habituation?
The potential across the membrane when a neuron isn’t transmitting information.
What is the resting membrane potential?
What will happen to a neuron that is demyelinated?
Slow or no propagation, down the axon.
How can occupational therapy assist a patient in regaining independence after a neurologic injury?
Occupational therapy helps by retraining motor skills, improving functional movements, adapting tasks, and using compensatory strategies to maximize independence.
This term describes a neuron receiving multiple inputs from various cells.
What is convergence?
This process involves long-lasting changes in synapse strength during learning and memory.
What is experience-dependent plasticity?
A membrane state that increases the likelihood of generating a signal.
What is depolarization?
What is a clinical condition that causes demyelination of the CNS?
MS, Transverse myelitis
What is the difference between gray and white matter in the CNS?
These branch-like extensions are the main input sites for the neuron.
What are dendrites
This rehabilitation technique involves restricting the less-involved upper extremity to improve function in the more-involved limb.
What is constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT)?
The period when the membrane potential is more negative than during rest
What is the refractory period?
What is a condition that is caused by demyelination of the PNS?
GBS, CIDP, CMT
Name the functions of the peripheral nervous system, spinal region, brainstem, and cerebellum. Name the functions of the peripheral nervous system, spinal region, brainstem, and cerebellum.
These neurons carry sensory information from the outer body to the CNS.
What are afferent neurons?
The reorganization of this brain region is a key mechanism in functional recovery post-stroke.
What is the cerebral cortex?
The clinical importance of the absolute refractory period?
No neuron firing can occur
What is the most interesting thing you learned this semester?
multiple