Macronutrients
What are the four main types of macronutrients?
Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, water
What are the two main groups of micronutrients?
Vitamins and minerals
What are simple carbohydrates primarily composed of?
Sugars.
What are proteins made up of?
Long chains of amino acids.
What are the three types of fats?
Saturated, Monounsaturated and Polyunsaturated fats.
Which macronutrient is primarily responsible for providing energy?
Carbohydrates
What type of vitamin can be stored in body fat?
Fat soluble vitamins
Name one source of complex carbohydrates.
Starches found in grains or vegetables.
What is the difference between complete and incomplete proteins?
Complete proteins contain all essentail amino aids, while incomplete proteins do not.
Which type of fat is solid at room temperature?
Saturated fat.
Which macronutrient is essentail for muscle growth and repair?
Proteins
Name one essentail role of minterals in the body.
They help in the formation of bones and teeth or assist in metabolic processes.
What are the two types of fibre?
Soluble fibre and insoluble fibre.
List one animal source and one plant source of protein.
Animal: Meat
Plant: Legumes
What is one role of fats in the body?
To store and provide energy.
What is the primary role of water in our bodies?
To keep cells functioning, regulate temperature and transport nutrients.
Which mineral is crucial for oxygen transport in the blood?
Iron
What type of carbohydrate is dietary fibre?
Indigestivle carbohydrate.
How do proteins contribute to body function?
They assist in growth, repair tissues and form enzymes and hormones.
How do monounsaturated fats benefit health?
They can improve cholesterol levels and are heart healthy.
How much energy does one gram of fat provide.
37 kilojouls
What is the difference between major minerals and trace minerals?
Major minerals are needed in larger quantities, while trace minerals are needed in small amounts.
How do sugars and starches provide energy to the body?
They are digestible and can be broken down to provide energy.
Why can excess protein be stored as fat?
Our bodies cannot store protein, so excess is converted to fat.
What health risk is associated with high consumption of saturated fats?
Increased risk of heart disease.