Anatomy
This structure lies anterior to the spine and posterior to the body of the pancreas in the transverse plane.
What is the aorta?
Which part of the digestive system absorbs most nutrients?
The small intestine.
This is an echogenic, triangular structure see on the liver ultrasound.
What is ligamentum teres?
In a duplex Doppler exam, aliasing typically indicates this.
What is the presence of high-velocity flow exceeding the Nyquist limit. Can sometimes suggest a stenosis
Which imaging mode is used to assess motion such as fetal heartbeat or valve movement in real time?
What is M-mode (motion mode)?
This vessel branches anteriorly from the aorta just below the diaphragm and supplies the liver, stomach, and spleen.
What is the celiac trunk (or celiac axis)?
What gland controls many other endocrine glands and is located in the brain?
The pituitary gland.
A simple renal cyst appears how on ultrasound?
Anechoic, thin-walled, round/oval, with posterior acoustic enhancement
Which vessel is evaluated for thrombosis in a lower extremity venous duplex scan and can be found at the level of the inguinal region
What is CFV?
This artifact causes duplication or mirror-image appearance of structures, typically seen near the diaphragm or pleura.
What is mirror image artifact?
A longitudinal band of fibers that forms a central anterior attachment for the muscle layers of the abdomen
What is Linea Alba?
Which hormone is released by the kidneys in response to decreased renal perfusion, triggering vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion?
What is renin?
This accessory duct of the pancreas is not typically seen on ultrasound.
What is duct of santorini?
Continuation of the SSV above the knee.
What is vein of Giacomini?
Name two techniques to improve visualization of a difficult-to-see organ.
What are: changing patient position, using deep inspiration, adjusting gain, using a lower frequency probe.
This muscle extends along the lateral surfaces of the lumbar vertebrae and inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur to allow flexion of the thigh and trunk
What is psoas muscle?
This hormone promotes sodium and water retention, which can cause fluid overload
What is Aldosterone?
On a transverse scan, this lobe of the liver is situated posterior to the ligamentum venosum and anterior to the IVC
What is the caudate lobe?
During calf muscle contraction, what happens to the perforator valves?
Perforator valves close
During inspiration, venous return to the heart from the lower extremities does what?
What is decrease?
What are the extrahepatic portions of the biliary system?
CHD, cystic duct, CBD
This surrounds the ejaculatory ducts and makes up 20% of prostate
The bright, echogenic capsule seen on ultrasound surrounding the adult kidney is referred to as this.
What is Gerota’s fascia?
A spectral Doppler signal showing continuous, non-phasic venous flow in a lower extremity vein may suggest this type of normal or abnormal condition — depending on context.
What is proximal venous obstruction?
What is the key function of juxtaglomerular apparatus?
What is to secrete Renin?