Vocabulary
This word means the refusal to obey a law as a form of protest.
civil disobedience
Name the tactic Dr. King promoted that uses peaceful methods like marches and boycotts.
nonviolent resistance (or nonviolence)
In "The Ballot or the Bullet," Malcolm X offers two options for change. What did he mean by this title?
Either allow black people to vote or there would be bloodshed.
Where did Marcus Garvey hope to bring the black people of America?
Back to Africa
What year did Rosa Parks refuse to give up her seat, sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
1955 (Dec. 1, 1955)
Term meaning the separation of people based on race (often enforced in the South by laws)
segregation
Dr. King said nonviolence helps expose injustice and gain sympathy. Name the city where the bus boycotts first took place which King took the lead of.
Montgomery
Malcolm X argued people have the right to do this when the government fails to protect their lives and property. What is it?
self-defense (or defend themselves)
This set of laws introduced in the late 19th and early 20th centuries enforced racial segregation in Southern states..
Jim Crow Laws
Name the nonviolent tactic that black students used at lunch counters in various restaurants in the south.
sit-in
The movement of millions of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North in the 20th century is called the ____
Great Migration
What was Dr. King's goal for Black and white people living in America?
To live together in an integrated society.
Was Macolm X 'anti-white?' Explain!
No, he was anti-oppression, anti-degredation, and anti-exploitation.
A rule written into a property deed that disallows the sale or occupation of the property to a person of a certain race, ethnicity, or religion.
racial covenant
What group of people entered into the Birmingham protests that swayed nationwide public opinion on the segregationists' acts in Alabama?
School aged children
An African American revolutionary organization aimed to combat police brutality and promote social justice through community programs and armed self-defense.
Black Panthers
In Dr. King’s view, what was one advantage nonviolence had over violent retaliation?
It exposed to the world the mass injustice suffered by black people through the lens of the media. There was no loss of life.
What did Malcolm X consider "criminal?"
When others in power are blocking our access to resources we need, that's criminal.
Which 1964 law banned segregation in public places and created protections against employment discrimination?
Civil Rights Act of 1964
What percentage of riders on the Montgomery buses were black/
75%
Civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated Southern United States in 1961 to challenge racial segregation in public transportation
Freedom Riders
Dr. King described building a "beloved community." What did he mean by that?
He meant a community where people of all races live together with justice, equal opportunity, and without fear.
When did Malcolm X believe it was ok to be violent to others?
He stated he would be nonviolent with those who are nonviolent toward him, but when attacked or when the government failed to protect Black people, he argued they had a right to defend themselves (answers may paraphrase using those points)
What did the Supreme Court decision in Browder v. Gayle (1956) rule about bus segregation in Montgomery?
It found bus segregation unconstitutional (led to desegregation of Montgomery buses)
How did media images sent out from the protests at Birmingham (with fire hoses, dogs, etc.) impact public opinion about the Civil Rights Movement?
Photographs and televised images of police using fire hoses and dogs made the brutality visible to the whole nation and world, increasing sympathy for protesters and pressuring political leaders to act. (Accept responses that describe increased public sympathy and political pressure.)