Asthma & COPD
This drug class stimulates β₂ receptors, ↓ intracellular Ca²⁺, and relaxes bronchial smooth muscle.
Name some examples
β₂ agonists
Short acting -> Albuterol, Levalbuterol
Long acting -> Formoterol, Aformoterol, Salmeterol
Ultra Long acting -> Olodaterol, Vilanterol
This peripheral antitussive anesthetizes airway irritant receptors.
Benzonatate
This drug inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase.
Rifamycins
Oseltamivir and zanamivir inhibit this viral enzyme.
Neuraminidase
These two CCBs are listed for vasoreactive PAH.
Nifedipine & diltiazem
This SAMA blocks M3 receptors and lasts about 4–5 hours.
Ipatropium bromide
This non-opioid central antitussive stimulates sigma-1 receptors and blocks NMDA receptors.
Dextromethorphan
**Robitussin --> typically first line
This drug inhibits mycolic acid synthesis and can cause peripheral neuropathy.
Isoniazid
This drug inhibits SARS-CoV-2 RNA polymerase.
Remdesivir
This B2 agonist bronchodilator can cause hypokalemia by increasing K⁺ entry into cells.
Albuterol
This PDE-4 inhibitor can cause diarrhea, weight loss, anxiety, insomnia, and depression.
Roflumilast
These opioid antitussives activate μ receptors, ↑ K⁺ efflux, and hyperpolarize neurons in the cough center.
Codeine & Morphine
What are the four first line anti-TB drugs
Rifamycins, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol
This inhaled antiviral can cause bronchospasm and should be avoided in asthma/COPD.
These two short-acting vasodilators are listed for PAH vasoreactivity testing.
IV adenosine & inhaled NO
This biologic targets IL-5Rα, causing eosinophil depletion.
Benralizumab
This mucolytic breaks disulfide bonds in mucoproteins.
N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
**antidote for acetaminophen toxicity
This drug inhibits arabinogalactan synthesis and can cause optic neuritis and red-green color blindness.
Ethambutol
This RNA-polymerase inhibitor used for RSV has boxed warnings for hemolytic anemia and teratogenicity.
Ribavirin
This PDE inhibitor has a narrow therapeutic window and can cause seizures and arrhythmias.
Theophylline
**Asthma & COPD medication
Name the biologic that targets IgE and the biologic that targets IL-4Rα.
Omalizumab = IgE
Dupilumab = IL-4Rα
This recombinant DNase I cleaves extracellular DNA, decreasing mucus viscosity.
Dornase alfa
**DorNase Alfa
What drug is used for MDR-TB by blocking mycobacterial ATP synthase and what are its adverse effects?
Bedaquiline
AEs: QT prolongation, risk of death
This monoclonal antibody neutralizes an RSV protein, preventing viral binding and entry into cells.
Palivizumab
This drug inhibits 5-lipoxygenase, while these two drugs block leukotriene receptors. Name all three
Zileuton
montelukast & zafirlukast