JFK Race to Space
Which detail supports the central ideas of the passage:
“Whether it will become a force for good or ill depends on man, and only if the United States occupies a position of pre-eminence can we help decide whether this new ocean will be a sea of peace or a new terrifying theater of war.” (Paragraph 14)“
a. President Kennedy presented the technological benefits of space exploration for the American people.
b. President Kennedy showed that the US was capable of leading the Race to Space.
c. President Kennedy provided reasons for why the US must join the Race to Space.
c. President Kennedy provided reasons for why the US must join the Race to Space.
reasoning in which a conclusion is reached by stating a general principle and then applying that principle to a specific case
Deductive Reasoning
Claiming that procrastinating is okay because one always waits until the last minute to complete assignments and still passes their classes.
Hasty Generalization
We should invest in renewable energy sources like solar and wind power because they are cost-effective, reduce reliance on fossil fuels, and mitigate climate change, as demonstrated by numerous scientific studies
Effective
The exam was a piece of cake
Metaphor
Which detail supports the central ideas of the passage:
“Within these last 19 months at least 45 satellites have circled the earth. Some 40 of them were ‘made in the United States of America’ and they were far more sophisticated and supplied far more knowledge to the people of the world than those of the Soviet Union.” (Paragraph 19)
a. President Kennedy presented the technological benefits of space exploration for the American people.
b. President Kennedy showed that the US was capable of leading the Race to Space.
c. President Kennedy provided reasons for why the US must join the Race to Space.
b. President Kennedy showed that the US was capable of leading the Race to Space.
A type of logic in which generalizations are based on a large number of specific observations.
Inductive Reasoning
"If you miss your curfew once, you'll start staying out all night and never come home."
Slippery Slope
We should not build a new library because everyone just uses the internet now.
Ineffective
We went whale watching
Alliteration
Which detail supports the central ideas of the passage:
“Transit satellites are helping our ships at sea to steer a safer course. Tiros satellites have given us unprecedented warnings of hurricanes and storms, and will do the same for forest fires and icebergs.” (Paragraph 20)
a. President Kennedy presented the technological benefits of space exploration for the American people.
b. President Kennedy showed that the US was capable of leading the Race to Space.
c. President Kennedy provided reasons for why the US must join the Race to Space.
a. President Kennedy presented the technological benefits of space exploration for the American people.
inference to the best explanation
Abductive Reasoning
When a driver is pulled over for speeding, they say they shouldn't pay a fine because there are more dangerous criminals out there
Red Herring
Based on the safety data from the past five years, the construction site should require all workers to wear hard hats at all times to prevent head injuries.
Effective
How should I know?
Rhetorical Question
Read these sentences from the passage.
“Well, space is there, and we’re going to climb it, and the moon and the planets are there, and new hopes for knowledge and peace are there. And, therefore, as we set sail we ask God’s blessing on the most hazardous and dangerous and greatest adventure on which man has ever embarked.” (paragraph 26)
In Paragraph 26, how does the author achieve his purpose through his use of a metaphor? (R.2.3)
a. by comparing the journey to space to a religious journey
b. by comparing a British explorer to the scientists at NASA
c. by comparing the motivation of space exploration to a sea voyage on a vast ocean
d. by comparing the dangers of space to the danger of the nation if they avoid space exploration
c. by comparing the motivation of space exploration to a sea voyage on a vast ocean
All dogs chase squirrels
Generalization
You should read this memoir because it's a bestseller
Ad populum
Everyone knows that video games cause violence, so we need to ban them
Ineffective
Hope for the best; prepare for the worst
Antithesis
Select a statement that best demonstrates how Kennedy can improve his argument on space exploration. (R.2.4)
a. by including expert opinion that substantiated other nations’ experiences of putting a man on the moon
b. by including research findings that revealed how space exploration can have a negative impact on the human body
c. by including scientific data that illustrated how space exploration has already played a significant role in society and advancements
d. by including facts that proved how women astronauts have equally contributed to the advancement of technology
c. by including scientific data that illustrated how space exploration has already played a significant role in society and advancements
The sun rises every morning; therefore, the sun will rise on Tuesday morning.
Deductive Reasoning
The President of the United States is a good leader, because they are the leader of this country.
Circular Reasoning
What would make this argument more effective?
"My neighbor's dog is always barking, so all dogs are noisy"
Facts, Statistics, Studies
"Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation"
Allusion