Diabetes
Endocrine
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100

What are the 3 P's of diabetes? 

Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia

100

What lab level should be checked s/p thyroidectomy 

Calcium (Hypocalcemia) 

100

What is a complication associated with hypothyroidism 

what is myxedema - 

•LOnGSTANDING undiagnosed hypothyroidism

•Severe hypotension

•Respiratory depression à hypoventilation

•Hypothermia

•Lethargy/ coma 


 

100

The opening between left ventricle and
aorta narrows


What is Aortic Stenosis 

100

What is a low blood glucose 

< 70 mg/dL 

Severe = <40mg/dL

200

The 3 Main Clinical Features of DKA

1. Hyperglycemia 

2. Dehydration

3. Acidosis 

200

Identify 3 s/s of SIADH 

•Weight gain

• Oliguria

•↑ Specific gravity

•↑ Osmolality

•Hypervolemia (edema/ bloating/ SOB/ increase BP)

•Hyponatremia (n/v/ h/a/ seizures/ lethargy) 

200

What is a main cause of addisonian crisis 

- abrupt stop steroids

- high stress (surgery/ illness) and no increase in steroids

200

What is a possible treatment for end-stage/ severe  cardiomyopathy 

heart transplant 

200

What two electrolytes are best friends? 

Magnesium and calcemia 

300

Identify 3 s/s of hypoglycemia 

sweating, tremors, palpitations, tachycardia, anxiety, hunger, headache, lightheadedness, confusion, numbness, slurred speech, double vision, drowsiness, LOC and seizures

300

Identify 3 nursing interventions for pts w/ hyperparathyroidism 

1. Encourage hydration 

2. Encourage mobility (NO BEDREST)

3. Eat high fiber foods 

4. monitor s/s hypercalcemic crisis 

300

What condition does longterm steroid use cause

Cushing syndrome 

300

Symptoms of valvular disease mimic which condition?

Heart failure (due to decrease cardiac output and pulmonary congestion) 

300

What are 2 macrovascular complciations r/t diabetes 

—Coronary artery disease

—Cerebrovascular disease

400

Identify 3 aspects of sick day rules

—Take insulin or oral antidiabetic agents as usual

—Test BG levels and urine ketones Q 3-4 hours

—Report elevated BG levels >300 mg/dL or urine ketones to PCP

—May need supplemental doses of insulin Q3-4 hours

—If not able to eat normal meals, substitute soft foods (custard, gelatin, soup, graham crackers) 6-8 times per day

—If N/V/D or fever persist, ½ cup of juice, broth or Gatorade every ½ to 1 hour to prevent dehydration

—Report N/V/D to PCP

—Unable to retain fluids, may need hospitalization to avoid DKA

400

identify 5 different s/s of Addisons 

  • Decrease CO
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Muscle weakness
  • Lethargy
  • GI symptoms
  • Anorexia
  • Weight loss
  • n/v
  • hyponatremia
  • hypoglycemia
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Bronze pigmentation of skin
400

Idenitfy the main cause of hyperthyroidism and 3 s/s 

Graves Disease 

•Goiter

•Nervousness/anxiety

•Fine tremors

•Arrythmias (afib)

•Tachycardia/ palpitations

•Heat intolerance

•Increased appetite/ weight loss   

•Diarrhea

•↑ BP 

•Diaphoresis

•Insomnia

•Exophthalmos

400

Identify 3 symptoms of Pericarditis 

1. Friction Rub 

2. Fever

3. SOB

4. Diaphoresis

5. Pleuritic chest pain-relieved with sitting up (Pain radiating to trapezius muscle and clavicle)

6. EKG changes such as diffuse ST-segment elevations and PR depression

7. Pericardial effusion






400

What is a higher A1C level?

6.5 or greater 

500

What is the treatment for HHNS (3 parts)

1. Fluid replacement

2. Correction of electrolyte imbalances 

3. IV insulin infusion

500

What happens to urine specific gravity and osmolarity in DI?

•Polyuria

•↓ Specific Gravity

•↓ Osmolarity

500

What is a main treatment for DI?

desmopressin 


500

Identify 4 causes or risk factors of Endocarditis 

• Prosthetic heart valves or implanted cardiac devices
• History of bacterial endocarditis
• Structural/congenital heart defects
• IV drug use (IVDA-Intravenous Drug Abuse)
• Immunodeficiency
• Intravascular access device
• Surgeries and dental procedures
• Body piercing and tattoos


500

What is a main  PO medication used for Diabetes 

Metformin 

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