6.2: Carbs, Proteins & Fats
STEAL POINTS:
What is the body’s preferred source of energy?
Glucose/carbohydrates
Which nutrient helps regulate body temperature and hydrate the body?
Water
STEAL POINTS:
Which vitamin helps the body absorb calcium?
Vitamin D
STEAL POINTS:
What condition can result from low iron intake?
Anaemia
Name one food selection model used to promote healthy eating in Australia.
Australian Guide to Healthy Eating (or Healthy Eating Pyramid, Health Star Rating)
STEAL POINTS:
What is one sociocultural factor that can influence youth eating habits?
Family, friends, income, education, culture, marketing
Name two food sources high in protein.
Eggs, chicken, fish, tofu, nuts (any two)
Which mineral helps strengthen bones and teeth?
Calcium
Name a food high in vitamin C.
Oranges, strawberries, kiwi, capsicum
True or False: High intake of saturated fats increases cholesterol.
True
What shape is the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating based on?
Pie chart
How can peer groups influence eating habits?
They may encourage unhealthy or healthy food choices, depending on group norms
Explain the main function of fibre in the digestive system
Adds bulk to faeces, helps prevent constipation, supports digestive health
STEAL POINTS:
Name two symptoms of dehydration.
Dizziness, dry mouth, headaches, fatigue
DOUBLE POINTS:
What is one function of vitamin C in the body?
Helps fight infection, heal wounds, form collagen
DOUBLE POINTS:
Name two short-term consequences of under-consuming fibre.
Constipation and lack of satiety
STEAL POINTS:
What is the purpose of the Health Star Rating system?
To help consumers quickly compare the healthiness of packaged foods
Explain how income may be a barrier to healthy eating.
Healthier foods may be more expensive or inaccessible on a low budget
Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated fats and give one food source of each.
Saturated = raises LDL cholesterol, found in fatty meats. Unsaturated = improves heart health, found in olive oil, avocado
DOUBLE POINTS:
Explain how sodium can negatively affect heart health.
Draws fluid into bloodstream → increases blood pressure → hypertension → heart strain
How does folate contribute to youth health?
Assists in DNA synthesis and red blood cell formation
Describe how a diet high in sugar can impact oral health.
Sugar feeds bacteria → leads to decay and dental caries
DOUBLE POINTS:
State one strength and one limitation of the Healthy Eating Pyramid.
Strength: Simple visual layout. Limitation: Doesn’t show composite meals or serving sizes
How does food marketing on social media influence youth food choices?
Uses bright colours, influencers, and targeted ads to make junk food appealing
DOUBLE POINTS:
Describe the process by which excess carbohydrates are stored in the body and its potential impact.
Excess carbs → stored as fat (adipose tissue) → leads to overweight/obesity and chronic conditions
Explain the connection between excess sodium intake and osteoporosis.
High sodium → calcium excreted → weakens bones → osteoporosis
STEAL POINTS:
Justify why vitamin D deficiency is more common among some population groups.
Those with dark skin or who avoid sun exposure produce less vitamin D
STEAL POINTS:
Outline one short-term and one long-term consequence of poor nutrition.
Short-term: fatigue or dehydration. Long-term: obesity, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease
Evaluate the effectiveness of the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating for youth dietary behaviour.
Strengths: easy to understand, promotes variety. Limitations: vague on quantities, not personalised
DOUBLE POINTS:
Analyse how education level may act as both an enabler and a barrier to healthy eating.
Higher education → better understanding of nutrition. Lower education → limited knowledge or awareness