Bronchodilators
Nonbronchodilators
Coagulation Modifiers
Antihypertensives
Antianginals
Antilipemic
Heart Failure Medications
100
A short-acting beta (adrenergic) agonist
What is albuterol?
100
This PDE-4 medication reduces inflammation and improves lung function for persons living with COPD.
What is Roflumilast?
100
This is the most common adverse effect shared by all coagulation modifiers.
What is bleeding?
100
This class of antihypertensives ends in “‑olol” and works by decreasing heart rate and cardiac output.
What are beta blockers?
100
The reason a patient has a new prescription for transdermal nitroglycerin patches.
What is to prevent the occurrence of angina?
100
This B vitamin can help raise the HDL.
What is Niacin?
100
A common loop diuretic often used to treat HF.
What is furosemide?
200
White patches noted in the mouth if rinsing does not occur after an inhaled corticosteroid. (medical term)
What is oral candidiasis?
200
Causes a release of cytokines, leading to inflammation and the attraction of white blood cells to the affected area.
What is mast cell rupture?
200
This antiplatelet medication is often used when a patient is allergic to aspirin.
What is clopidogrel?
200
This common adverse effect may cause a patient to discontinue ACE inhibitor therapy.
What is a dry, persistent cough?
200
A common side effect a patient may experience after taking nitroglycerin.
What is headache?
200
This antilipemic medication class can cause muscle pain and requires monitoring of liver enzymes.
What are statins?
200
These two electrolytes, if decreased, increases the possibility of digoxin toxicity.
What are potassium and magnesium?
300
This is a bronchodilator but is not inhaled.
What is theophylline?
300
The class of medications that blocks leukotrienes, reducing inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production.
What is leukotriene receptor antagonists?
300
This anticoagulant is given IV or subcutaneously and is reversed with protamine sulfate.
What is heparin?
300
This electrolyte imbalance must be monitored in patients taking ACE inhibitors and ARBs.
What is hyperkalemia?
300
These medications are contraindicated with concurrent use with nitroglycerine due to the profound risk of hypotension.
What are erectile dysfunction medications, like tadalafil?
300
A common side effect of cholestyramine.
What is constipation? (Bile Acid Sequestrants)
300
This classification of medication should NOT be given with acute MI and HF.
What are calcium channel blockers?
400
An example of a long-acting beta agonist bronchodilator used for maintenance and long-term COPD control.
What is Salmeterol? (or Formoterol)
400
Side effects of this medication include suicidal thoughts, insomnia, and anxiety.
What is montelukast?
400
This oral anticoagulant requires INR monitoring and is reversed with vitamin K.
What is warfarin?
400
The instruction the nurse would provide to the patient with a new order for an alpha blocker?
What is change positions slowly?
400
The type of angina that is often seen in the early stages of coronary artery disease & occurs unexpectedly while at rest.
What is unstable angina?
400
This a common side effect of niacin and can be reduced by administering a small dose of aspirin or an NSAID 30 minutes before the niacin dose.
What is flushing?
400
These are cues that furosemide is working effectively.
What are increased urine output, decreased weight & edema, less shortness of breath, and improved oxygenation?
500
Conditions in which anticholinergic bronchodilators should be avoided.
What is glaucoma & BPH?
500
An example of a mast cell stabilizer.
What is cromolyn?
500
This lab value guides dosing and safety for patients taking warfarin.
What is INR?
500
This class of antihypertensives should be used cautiously in patients with asthma.
What are beta blockers?
500
This occurs during stress/exertion or when oxygen demand is greater than O2 supply.
What is angina pectoris?
500
These are first line medications used for high LDL levels and should be taken at bedtime.
What are HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors? (Simvastatin, Atorvastatin, and Pravastatin)
500
This medication is used to improve contractility and vasodilate.
What is milrinone?
600
Bronchodilators are often used in combination with this classification of medications to decrease inflammation in respiratory disease
What are corticosteroids?
600
This injectable med targets specific immune system components to reduce inflammation and allergic responses.
What is omalizumab?
600
This lab test is used to monitor the effectiveness of heparin therapy.
What is aPTT?
600
Similar in action to ACE Inhibitors but has no cough and far less incidences of angioedema and hyperkalemia.
What are ARBs or angiotensin Receptor Blockers?
600
An oral nitrate medication used to prevent chest pain in persons with heart disease.
What is isosorbide?
600
This antilipemic class works primarily in the intestines rather than systemically.
What are bile acid sequestrants? (cholestyramine, colestipol)
600
A common cue reported by older clients that may indicate digoxin toxicity.
What are visual changes (yellowish and green visual changes)?
700
Side effects of this classification of bronchodilator include dry mouth, urinary hesitancy, blurred vision.
What is anticholinergic, like ipratropium?
700
An example of an older generation medication that antagonizes the effects of histamine at H1-receptor sites.
What is diphenhydramine?
700
The adverse effect of a client on Heparin IV that has a decreasing platelet level and is now at 90,000 mL/dL.
What is HIT? Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia
700
The medication used in a hypertensive emergency that dilates arteries and veins.
What is sodium nitroprusside?
700
These conditions may be a contraindication to the use of beta blocker therapy.
What are diabetes mellitus (using insulin) and asthma?
700
This injectable monoclonal antibody dramatically lowers LDL by inhibiting PCSK9.
What is alirocumab or evolocumab?
700
A serious adverse effect of an ACE-inhibitor.
What is angioedema?
800
The delivery when the medication is turned into a fine mist, placed into a hand-held device, and inhaled with each breath.
Small volume nebulizer
800
An example of common expectorant.
What is guaifenesin?
800
The reversal for dabigatran – direct thrombin inhibitors.
What is Idarucizumab?
800
Relaxes muscles in vessel walls, allowing blood to flow freely. Often used in BPH.
What are alpha-blockers, like prazosin & doxazosin?
800
In addition to nitrates, these two classifications of medications are used to treat angina.
What are beta blockers and calcium channel blockers?
800
In addition to a lipid panel, the labs that need to be evaluated prior to starting Simvastatin.
What are liver function studies?
800
This diuretic can cause hyperkalemia.
What is spironolactone?
900
Nausea, abdominal pain, or persistent vomiting, restlessness, irritability, agitation, confusion, seizures are possible side effects leading to toxicity of this classification of medication.
What is Xanthine derivative? (theophylline)
900
This medication is the cornerstone of chronic respiratory disease management.
What are corticosteroids?
900
This classification of medication can lyse or breakdown a clot.
What are thrombolytics?
900
Beta-blocker medications can mask this in diabetic clients.
What is hypoglycemia?
900
Calcium channel blockers can be used to treat angina but is generally NOT used in this condition.
What is acute MI w/HF?
900
This class of medications, by lowering cholesterol and triglycerides, helps reduce the risk of pancreatitis.
What are fibric acid derivatives? (Fenofibrate and Gemfibrozil)
900
These three classifications of medications target ventricular remodeling to prevent hypertrophy and fibrosis and help maintain cardiac output.
What are ACE-inhibitors, ARBs and beta blockers?
1000
The specific conditions under which anticholinergic bronchodilators (such as ipratropium) should be avoided or used with extreme caution due to their drying, fluid retaining effects.
What are glaucoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
1000
This newer class of asthma medications includes montelukast and zafirlukast, and works by preventing these specific inflammatory substances from attaching to lung receptors.
What are Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists (LTRAs)?
1000
These four (4) herbal supplements can increase the risk of bleeding when used with warfarin.
What are garlic, gingko, ginseng, ginger?
1000
The class of medications that the first dose should be taken at bedtime.
Alpha adrenergic blockers (the zosin's)
1000
The cues that an antianginal medication is working effectively.
Decreased episodes of chest pain, resolution of symptoms.
1000
A possible dietary restriction because it inhibits an important liver enzyme: CYP3A4 (cytochrome P450 enzyme).
What is grapefruit?
1000
This may be a serious life-threatening adverse effect of milrinone.
What are ventricular arrhythmias?