nuclear radiation
natural transmutation
artificial transmutation
Half Life
Radioisotopes
100
When is a beta particle spontaneously emitted?
It is emitted in an unstable nucleus, when the ratio of neutrons and protons are higher
100
what is the process called when something occurs on its own without any outside influence(changes)?
Natural Transmutation
100
when does Artificial Transmutation occur?
It occurs from bombarding a nucleus with high energy particles. (Not naturally)
slamming a stable nucleus with a particle to cause it to change into something else.
Proton/Alpha particle or uncharged particle(neutron)
100
where is the decay time for Radioisotopes located in the reference table ?
Table N
100
What are the uses for Radioisotopes?
They are used in Medicine, Tracers, Radiodating and Lastly Commercial
200
In your reference table which page shows the types of Radiation?
Table O
200
What reaction converts an atom of one element to an atom of another element?
A)combustion
B)polymerization
C)Transmutation
D)Saponification
C) Transmutation
200
How is the equation
It contains particles such as Alpha particle and Proton bombarding the nucleus causing it to change
200
What is a half-life?
It's the amount of time it takes for an 1/2(half) of the atom of a Radioisotopes to decay.
200
How are Radioisotopes used medically?
they are used in providing information/conditions on a patient's body and since they have a short half-lives they can be quickly eliminated.
300
Where is the mass and charge located on a particle?
The top number is mass, while the bottom number is the charge (ex. alpha particle = 42 He ---> 4 is mass, 2+ is the charge)
300
Determine the X in nuclear equation.
42 He / Alpha particle
300
What is Fission?
(to split up) occurs when a neutron crashes with an atom causing a amount amount of energy to be released in the process.
* heavy nuclei splits causing lighter nuclei
300
In the reference table what is the Half-Life of 19Ne?
17.222 s
300
what are some Radioisotopes used in Medicine, and its functions?
Iodine-131 : used in detecting and used during treatment for thyroid disorders
Technitrium-99: used in bone and brain scans
Cobalt-60: used in killing cancerous tumors or Antrax
400
Which nuclear emission has no charge or mass?
(look on Table O)
Gamma ray with its notation 00 Y
-only notation with zero for mass and charge
400
When does Natural Transmutation occur?
It occurs when an unstable nucleus decays to produce products more stable by emitting radiation.
(occurs naturally to form a new substance)
400
What is Fusion?
when smaller atoms(nuclei) combine to make a heavier atom. also release high amount of energy
400
what Radioisotope undergoes a beta decay and has a half-life of 1.23 s?
potassium-37/ 37K
400
what is Radiodating? What are some Radioisotopes used in Radiodating?
When organic material(which was previously living) is documented/dated.(Carbon-14)
*measure half life
For inorganic material(non living) is dated Uranium-238 or Phosphorus are used
500
Between 3 types of radiation(beta particle, gamma ray and alpha particles) which has the lowest to highest penetrating power?
Alpha particle, Beta particle and gamma ray.
500
what does the X stand for?
a)beta particle
b)neutron
c)alpha particle
500
Why is Fusion and Fission different from one another?
In Fusion it merges two nuclei to create heavier nuclei(nucleus) while in Fission it may split unstable nucleus causing two light nuclei.
500
After decaying for 48 hours, 1/16 of the original mass of a radioisotope sample remains unchanged. What is the half-life of this radioisotope?
12 h
500
What is the commercial use of radioisotopes?
used to test material strength (wing of 747) as well as helping to extend the life of fruits/vegetable and milk.