Biochemistry
The process by which macromolecules are joined together is called _______________ and the process where they are broken down is called ___________________.
What are dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis?
In what phase will the sister chromatids be seperted?
Anaphase II
These are the products of cellular respiration.
Carbon Dioxide, Water, ATP
These are five enzymes involved in DNA replication.
What are topoisomerase, helicase, primase, DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase
This type of macromolecule is likely to contain only phosphorous, Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen.
lipids or phospholipids
a species is 2n=16, how many chromatids will be in each cell at the end of meiosis II?
8 chromatids in each cell.
This process involves the creation of lactic acid, in anaerobic conditions.
What is fermentation.
These are created on the lagging strand and are built in the 5' to 3' direction
Okazaki fragments.
These are two examples of genetic drift.
What are bottleneck effect and founder effect?
This principle says that homologous chromosomes line up randomly along the metaphase plate, and are separated autonomously from each other, increasing genetic diversity among the gametes.
Law of independent assortment.
This is where electrons are donated from, and this is where electrons are accepted, during the process of ETC in photosynthesis
What is water and what is NADP+
This is how mitochondrial DNA mutations are passed down to the next generation.
From the mother/female organism
Describe what would likely happen to red blood cells in an individual suffering from extreme dehydration.
water would leave the cells, attempting to dilute the solutes in the body. Cells would begin to shrink/shrivel up.
These molecules work together with CDK's to regulate and control the movement through the cell cycle
Cyclins.
This is the main goal of glycolysis and the Kreb's cycle.
These two items are added to mRNA, prior to leaving the nucleus.
Poly-A tail, GTP cap.
This type of inhibition occurs when a substrate binds to a site other than the active site to prevent enzyme catalysis.
What is allosteric inhibition?
This process occurs at the chiasmata during prophase 1 of meiosis.
Crossing over.
These three environmental effects could decrease functionality of an enzyme.
pH and temperature outside of normal range leading to denaturing. Low substrate concentrations. Competitive Inhibitors blocking the active site or allosteric inhibitors- changing the shape of the active site.
when activated, regulatory genes cause this down stream effect on creation of target gene polypeptides
Decreased production of target gene polypeptides.
Determine the percent of the population that is homozygous dominant if the percent of the population that is homozygous recessive is 9%
What is 49%