5.11 Ecological Footprint
5.12 Sustainability
5.13 Reducing Urban Runoff
5.13 Reducing Urban Runoff
5.14 Integrated Pest Management
5.15 Sustainable Agriculture
5.16 Aquaculture
5.17 Sustainable Forestry
5.17 Sustainable Forestry
100
The measure of the area of land and water an individual, population, or activity requires to produce all the resources it consumes and to process the waste it generates.
ecological footprint
100
Consuming a resource or using a space in a way that does not deplete or degrade it for future generations.
Sustainability
100
Introducing a natural predator to control pest population.
Biocontrol
100
Crops that live year round and one harvested numerous times.
perennial crops
100
What is aquaculture
Raising fish, or other aquatic species in cages/enclosures underwater
200
What is a carbon footprint?
All CO2 released from an individual or groups consumption & activities
200
What is Maximum Sustainable Yield?
The maximum amount of a renewable resource that can be harvested without reducing or depleting the resource for future use
200
What is a drawback of IPM?
Can be more time consuming & costly than just crop dusting pesticides
200
Plowing parallel to natural slopes of land instead of down slopes, which prevents water runoff and soil erosion.
Contour Plowing
200
Why are prescribed burns beneficial to forests?
Uses up dead biomass (fuel), preventing larger forest fires later
300
Identify THREE factors that can INCREASE an ecological footprint
Affluence (wealth) increases carbon & ecological footprint (Larger houses, More travel (gas), More resources needed for material goods (cars, etc.)
Meat consumption - more land, more water, more energy
Fossil fuel usage (heating, electricity, travel, plastic)
300
What are TWO major consequences of Urban Runoff?
Decreased infiltration (groundwater recharge)
Rain washes pollutants into stormdrains & into local surface waters
300
What type of IPM can prevent pests from becoming established in the soil?
Crop Rotation
300
How does Green Manure improve soil fertility?
leftover plant matter from cover crop left on field breakdown and releaase nutrients into soil
300
What are THREE benefits of Aquaculture
Requires only small amount of water, space, and fuel
Reduces risk of Fishery collapse (90% population decline in a fishery)
Doesn’t take up any land space (compared to beef, pork, chicken)
400
Identify THREE factors that can DECREASE an ecological footprint
Renewable energy use (wind, solar, hydroelectric)
Public transportation (less gas)
Plant-based diet
400
What are the FOUR Environmental Indicators of Sustainability?
Biodiversity
Food Production
Atmospheric Temp & CO2
Human Population/ resource depletion.
400
What are THREE benefits of IPM
Reduces death & mutations of non-target species
Reduces effects on human consumers of produce
Reduces contaminants of surface & ground water
400
Which type of plants should you plant during crop rotation that have nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their roots?
peas/beans (legumes)
400
What are the FOUR drawbacks of Aquaculture?
High density produces high concentration of waste (e. coli & eutrophication risks)
High density increases disease risk, which can be transmitted to wild populations as well
May introduce non-native species or GMOs to local ecosystem if captive fish escape
Fish are fed antibiotics which can contaminate water via their waste
500
If everyone lived like an average U.S. resident, it would take approximately _____________ Earths to sustain global consumption
5.0 to 5.1
500
What are FOUR solutions to urban runoff?
Permeable Pavement
Rain Garden
Public Transit
Building Up, not out
500
Describe Intercropping
Push-pull system
“Push” plants emit volatile chemicals that naturally repel pests away from crop
- “Pull” plants emit chemicals that attract moths to lay eggs in them, instead of crop
500
How does Limestone neutralizing the soil improve soil fertility?
Acidic soil has high H+ ion concentration, which displaces + charge nutrients from soil (leeching them out)
500
Identify FIVE sustainable forestry practices
Selective cutting or strip cutting
- Using human & pack animal labor to minimize soil compaction from machinery
Replanting same species being logged
- Using recycled wood, or simply reusing without recycling (furniture, decoration)
Selectively removing diseased trees to prevent spread of infection through entire forest