What is the term for reducing the Earth's 3D surface into a 2D flat plane?
What is map projection?
What term describes the average number of children a woman will have in her childbearing years?
What is Total Fertility Rate (TFR)?
What do geographers call an ethnic group that is not politically recognized as a state but desires its own sovereign territory (e.g., the Kurds or Basques)?
What is a stateless nation?
What is defined as the transformation of farming into a large-scale food production industry that includes processing, packaging, and supply?
What is agribusiness?
This economic sector involves the extraction and gathering of raw materials, such as agriculture, mining, and fishing.
What is the primary sector?
This satellite-based system determines the precise absolute location of objects on Earth.
What is GPS (Global Positioning System)?
What model illustrates how a country's birth and death rates change as it shifts from an agricultural to an industrialized economy?
What is The Demographic Transition Model (DTM)?
What type of diffusion occurs when a cultural trait spreads through the physical movement of people from one place to another?
What is relocation diffusion?
What is an urban settlement pattern that involves the uncontrolled expansion of urban development into adjoining farmland and rural areas?
What is urban sprawl?
This is a location where goods are transferred from one mode of transportation to another (e.g., from a ship to a train).
What is a break-of-bulk point?
What defines the integration and interdependence of economic, cultural, and political activities across the world?
What is globalization?
What is the term for migration where individuals move through a series of smaller, less extreme geographic steps?
What is Step Migration?
What is the term for a regional variation of a language distinguished by distinctive vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation?
What is a dialect?
What is an urban area on the outskirts of a city that has grown into a major hub for retail, office space, and jobs, usually located near highway intersections?
What is an edge city?
According to this urban model, cities have multiple centers or nodes, such as a university, an airport, or a retail hub.
What is the Multiple Nuclei Model?
This density type divides the number of farmers by the amount of arable land.
What is agricultural density?
What theory predicts that population growth will outpace food production, leading to mass starvation?
What is the Malthusian Theory?
What is the legal doctrine that allows ethnic groups to have ultimate authority over their own territory and affairs, often seeking independence or autonomy?
What is self-determination?
What is the UN convention that established the territorial sea limits (12 miles) and the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) for drilling rights up to 200 miles from the coast?
What is UNCLOS?
This development metric measures inequalities between men and women, looking specifically at reproductive health, labor force participation, and empowerment.
What is the Gender Inequality Index (GII)?
This method collects data about Earth's surface from a distance, typically via satellites or aircraft.
What is remote sensing?
According to Ravenstein's Laws, this is the most common destination for long-distance migrants.
What are major cities (urban areas)?
What type of political boundary is drawn by an outside power, often ignoring the preexisting cultural or ethnic landscape (like the borders drawn during the Berlin Conference)?
What is a superimposed boundary?
What is the process of upper-middle-class residents moving into low-income neighborhoods, renovating homes, and increasing property values, which forces the original lower-income residents out called?
What is gentrification?
This is the clustering of similar or related businesses in an area to share talents, infrastructure, and services (like Silicon Valley).
What is Agglomeration?