Play
Stages of Play Scales
Types of Play Scales
Westby Play Scale: Stages 1-5
Westby Play Scale Stage 6-10
100

Why is play important?

-most natural context for language learning

-best vehicle for assessing and observing planning (executive function) 

-cognitive symbolic abilities likely underly symbolic play and language development 

-specific relationships between language and cognition that occur at certain points in development that we observed through play 

-provides insight into particular aspects of child's conceptual and imaginative abilities 

100

What is the exploratory stage?

integrating the objects into its sensory motor schema, manipulate objects by mouthing, banging etc

100

What is the Carpenter's Play Scale used for?

-designed to assess symbolic behavior in non verbal children

-useful for nonverbal toddlers and older children at the emerging language stage

100

Stage 1: 

age: 9-12 months

Play: awareness that objects exist 

Language: may have performative words, exhibits communicative functions i.e joint attention 

100
Stage 6: 

Ages: by 2.5 years 

Play: begins to represent events less frequently observed like going to the ER

Language: responds appropriately to wh- questions in context, asks wh- questions 

200

What is the formal play assessment?

CSBS has scale for evaluating object use 

200

What is the nonfunctional stage

experimental manipulation of objects in non functional way i.e. stacking, lining up 

200

What do you do in the Carpenter's play scale?

-parents asked to play w/ child by engaging in four play scenes

-parents asked to follow child's lead 

200

Stage 2: 

Ages: 15-17 months

Play: purposeful exploration of toys, discovers operation of toys such as levers 

Language: uses context dependent single words 

200

Stage 7: 

Ages: by 3 years 

Play: compensatory play, associative play, relates several schemas to one another 

Language: uses past tense and future 

300

What do play scales do for assessment?

Evaluate level of play in contexts of free and structured play 

300

What is the functional stage?

pretend to use objects for typical functions i.e. phone to ear 

300

What is the McCune Play Scale used for?

-provides a detailed method of analyzing play behavior

300

Stage 3: 

Ages: 17-19 months

Play: uses lifelike probs to participate in everyday activities, auto symbolic play

Language: words have variety of functional and semantic roles 

300

Stage 8: 

Ages: by 3.5 years 

Play: uses replica toys, one object to represent another, themes include familiar fantasy

Language: uses modals, uses conjunctions 

400

What is the symbolic phase?

use props to pretend to participate in everyday activities i.e. block for phone 
400

what do you do in the McCune Play Scale

children are given standard set of toys and invited to play with familiar adult

-behaviors are ordered hierarchically: child's current level of symbolic behavior that they exhibit spontaneously then the emerging level of symbolic play the child models the next level to see where to start 

400

Stage 4: 

Ages: by 22 months

Play: combines two actions in pretending but still in single schema

Language: beginning of word combination with semantic relations 

400

Stage 9: 

Ages: by 4 years 

Play: planned play events with cause and effect sequence, uses imaginary props

Language: verbalizes intentions and possible future events 

500

What is the dramatic phase?

use words and or probs to create a scene and invite peers to join 

500

What does the Westby Play Scale do?

relates play to language 

500

Stage 5: 

Ages: by 24 months 

Play: child re-presents daily experiences, elaborates schemas by adding details with associated items

Language: Morphological markers appear, uses earlier pragmatic functions and semantic relations in phrases 

500

Stage 10: 

Ages: by 6 years 

Play: multiple planned sequences, full cooperative play 

Language: uses subordinate clauses to relate two or more prepositions, uses time relational language 

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