Kidneys
Name two types of oral infections renal transplant pts are predisposed to?
Candida
HSV
Allow delayed wound healing
Name 3 factors affecting the degree of severity of post-menopausal osteoporosis
Genetics
Smoking
Nutrition
BMI
Degree of weight bearing activity
Concurrent diseases and medications
What is dysarthria?
Slurred speech
Name 3 risk factors for a stroke
Hypertension
Diabetes
Smoking
Obesity
Hypercholesterolaemia
Illicit drug use
What are cataracts?
Slowly progressive clouding of the lens
How do you manage the increased risk of oral viral infections when treating renal transplant patients?
Consider low dose prophylactic aciclovir
How does periodontal disease cause rheumatoid arthritis?
Name an oral side effect of melatonin
Dry mouth
Oral ulceration
Whats the difference between a "tonic" and a "clonic" seizure
Clonic is "Messy breakfast", sudden jerky movement
Tonic pt usually seizes up may groan, bilateral highfrequency shaking
Name 3 things you should ask about if a patient presents with ear issues?
Earache
Deafness
Discharge
Tinnitus
Vertigo
Name 3 medications that a patient may be taking following a renal transplant
Any 3 from:
Prednisolone
Azathioprine
MMF
Cyclosporin
Sirolimus
Bisphosphonates + phosphate binders to manage bone disorders?
Name 2 disadvantages of biologic DMARDs
More Expensive
Increased risk of infection (administered by IV but also more profound immunesuppression)
When do NICE guidelines recommend you provide emergency medication during a seizure?
If seizure lasting more than 5 mins
OR
If seizure lasting 2 mins longer than normally
What is otitis externa treated with?
Gentamycin - steroid ear drops
What is the AB prophylaxis regime for haemodialysis patients?
IV vancomycin and gentamycin
Remodelling of bone following a fracture can take how long?
Up to 2 years under functional load / forces
What are the 5 principles of the mental capacity act 2005?
Presumption of capacity
Individuals supported to make their own decision
Unwise decision does not indicate lack of capacity
Act in pts best interests
Choose least restrictive option
Name the three different types of strokes
Ischaemic
Transient ischaemic
Haemorrhaging
Accumulation of pus in anterior compartment of the eye (White eye)
When is the optimal time for dental treatment for a patient on dialysis?
Day after dialysis - heparin worn off, kidney function optimal
Name 3 symptoms of compartment syndrome
Pale
Pulseless
Paraesthesia
Pain
Paralysis
Name 2 strategies for dysphagia management
Physio exercises
Compensatory strategies such as head tilts and chin tucks
Ice chip therapy
Electro-stimulation
What medication do you administer to terminate a seizure?
Buccal midazolam
OR
Rectal diazepam
OR
IV lorazepam
Name 3 symptoms of herpes - zoster opthalmicus
Post herpetic neuralgia
Corneal anaesthesia
Corneal stroma infiltration
Cranial nerve palsies