nucleic acids + DNA replication
True or False: DNA is double stranded, and RNA is typically single stranded.
true
mRNA --> protein is called 1.____________, and this process occurs at the 2. ___________.
1. translation 2. ribosome
any change to a nucleotide sequence is called a _________
mutation
cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the gene that codes for the ___________ protein.
CFTR
proteins are polymers of ________
amino acids.
In DNA replication, the 1. _________ provides the 3'OH that 2. ____________ requires to synthesize the complementary DNA strand.
1. primer
2. Dna polymerase
Select the true statement:
a) Transcription occurs in the 3' to 5' direction (nucleotides are added to the 5' end)
b) RNA polymerase incorporates the nucleotide thymine, not uracil.
c) during the initiation phase of transcription, RNA polymerase binds to a promoter sequence.
d) during transcription, amino acids are linked to form a protein.
C
Wild-type mRNA codon: CAU Mutant mRNA codon: CAA This is an example of a certain type of point mutation called a __________ mutation.
missense
Select the FALSE statement:
a) CF patients are susceptible to lung infections.
b) the CFTR protein is a chloride ion transporter.
c) in CF patients, mucus is thick and sticky.
d) the CFTR gene is about 100 nucleotides long.
D
the part of the amino acid that is unique for all the different amino acids:
the R group
The name of the short fragment of DNA made via lagging strand synthesis.
okazaki fragment
DNA template sequence: TAA
Write the corresponding:
1) mRNA sequence
2) tRNA anticodon sequence
3) amino acid
1) AUU
2) UAA
3) Ile (Isoleucine)
nonsense
true or false: The exocrine cells of the pancreas are responsible for producing hormones like insulin.
false (endocrine cells)
peptide bonds are:
a) ionic bonds
b) hydrogen bonds
c) created through dehydration reactions
d) broken when a protein is denatured
C
Select the true statement:
a) RNA nucleotides have a 2' and 3' OH
b) In a single strand of DNA, the 5' phosphate covalently connects to the 2' H of another nucleotide
c) cytosine (C) is a purine
d) in DNA the percentage of A = the percentage of G
A
A tRNA has the anticodon AAU. What amino acid will it carry?
Leucine
What kind of mutation involves the addition or deletion of a nucleotide?
frameshift mutation
True or False: With Class I mutations of the CFTR gene, the CFTR protein is not produced.
true
Which of the following is NOT a type of a protein:
a) structural
b) enzyme
c) storage
d) toxin
e) these are all types of proteins!
e
AATCGGA
1. Write the complementary DNA sequence
2. Write the complementary RNA sequence
1. TTAGCCT
2. UUAGCCU
Below is the template sequence of a gene. What is the sequence of amino acids in the protein it encodes?
TACGAATTACTAATC
met-leu-asn-asp
Give an example of a wild-type and mutant DNA template sequence that both code for the amino acid Histidine.What do you call this type of mutation?
example: wild type: GTA mutant: GTG
silent mutation
Select the true statement:
a) insulin is produced by beta cells in the pancreas.
b) if the pancreatic ducts were blocked, this would result in issues with digestion.
c) low blood glucose levels stimulate the release of glucagon (produced by alpha cells).
d) all of the above.
D
1) True or False: all proteins have quaternary structure.
2) True or False: with denaturation, the primary structure is preserved.
1) false
2) true