Scientific Method
This is the first part of the scientific method
What is observation?
This is an alternative version of a gene that may produce distinguishable phenotypic effects
What is an allele?
This rule applies when finding the probability of two both events happening
What is the law of multiplication?
In this type of dominance, both phenotypes can be seen demonstrated, ie. roan horses
What is codominance?
This is the cause of all genetic variation
What is mutation?
What is hypothesis?
This is used to determine the probability of different phenotypic/genotypic outcomes for offspring
What is a punnett square?
What is the probability of rolling a 2 or a 4 on an eight-sided dice
What is 1/4?
What is polygenetic inheritance?
This is a substance or environmental factor that increases the rate of mutation
What is a mutagen?
For experimentations, there must be these two types of groups
What are control and experimental groups?
This is the name of the model proposed by Mendel to oppose the blending model
What is the particulate model?
What is 1/2?
This is when one gene affects the phenotype of another, such as in labrador coloration
What is epistasis?
These are the four types of point mutations
What are silent, missense, nonsense, and frame shift
In the example of the beach and inland mice, this step is demonstrated in the following claim: Mice that match their habitat are preyed on less than mice who do not
What is prediction?
This is the first generation that the recessive phenotype can be observed in Mendel's experiment
What is the F2 generation?
This is the probability of an offspring with the genotype aabb from the cross AaBb x AaBb
What is 1/16?
These are the possible phenotypes for blood types
What are A, B, AB, and O?
What are errors in DNA replication and errors in chromosomal meiosis?
These are the general steps of the scientific method
What is observation, hypothesis, prediction, experiment?
This law states that alleles of genes on nonhomologous chromosomes assort separately from one another
What is the law of independent assortment?
This is the probability of an offspring with genotype AabbCCDd from a cross between AABbCcDD x AabbCCDd
What is 1/32?
This is when genes have multiple phenotypic effects, such as in sickle-cell anemia
What is pleiotrophy?
This type of mutation can be passed onto offspring
What is germline?