Cells & Cell Transport
Cell Membrane
controls what enters and leaves the cell
Nucleus
controls cell activities, contains DNA
Gene
section of DNA that codes for a trait
mRNA
messenger rna
Enzyme
catalyst reaction that speed up reactions
Homeostasis
maintaining stable internal conditions
Mitochondria
produces ATP (energy)
Chromosome
Structure made of DNA
Amino acid
building block of proteins
Diffusion? Osmosis?
diffusion - movement of ANY particles
osmosis - movement of water only
Active transport
movement using energy
Ribosome
makes proteins
Mutation
change in DNA sequence
Codon
3-base sequence on mRNA
Cellular Respiration
Cells are breathing via the breakdown of glucose that is turned into usable energy (ATP)
Passive transport
movement without energy
Chloroplast
site of photosynthesis
Trisomy
extra chromosome
Transcription
DNA → mRNA
Genotype? Phenotype?
Genotype - the genes or letter sequence that makes up the traits
Phenotype - the physical characteristics you can physically see
What is Hypotonic? Hypertonic? Isotonic?
What is Eukaryotic? Prokaryotic?
Eukaryotic - complex multicellular organism and has organelles
Prokaryotic - simply cellular organism and has no organelles
Nondisjunction
chromosomes fail to separate
Translation
mRNA → protein
Carrying Capacity
The absolute max an ecosystem can carry before the ecosystem begins experiencing competition, not enough food or space.