GYMNOSPERMS
Evolution of Eukaryotes and Misc.
Fungi
Angiosperms General
Fruits!
100
The process of bringing the sperm
to the egg
Pollination
100
What type of organism is believed to have given rise to chloroplasts?
Photosynthetic cyanobacterium
100
What is the mode of nutrition
cell wall component
and storage carbohydrate of Fungi?
Heterotrophic, chitin, glycogen
100
The androecium is made up of these funky little structures.
Stamens
100
Bananas and tomatoes are this type of fruit
bonus for double points:
What layer of the pericarp do a majority of this fruit have in common?
Berry
the mesocarp, its fleshy!
200
The gymnosperm phylum in which all taxa have opposite phyllotaxis
Gnetophyta
200
The simultaneous evolution of two populations that have a strong selective force on one another.
Coevolution
200
What are the fruiting bodies of Ascomycetes called? What are the three subtypes (based on shape)?
Ascocarps. apothecium (cup-shaped), perithecium (flask-shaped), and cleistothecium (closed, spherical)
200
The lower parts of sepals + petals + stamens all fused together and fused to the ovary.
Hypanthium
200
Simple fleshy fruit with spongy pericarp covered by a thin leathery rind of exocarp
Hesperidium
300
In a pine ovule, the tissue immediately surrounding the __________ is called the nucellus. What is this stucture: (_______)?
bonus for double points:
What other ovule tissue surrounds the _________ and later forms the seed coat?
Megagametophyte and integument
300
What are two pieces of evidence supporting the endosymbiotic theory?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA. Double membranes suggest phagocytosis. Both organelles replicate independently through binary fission
300
Why are there 8 spores contained
within an ascus?
meiosis followed by mitosis
300
The difference between an ovule and an ovary.
(what does each develop into?)
Ovules develop into seeds, the ovary holds ovules.
300
fruit developed from a flower with apocarpous gynoecium; each pistil are called fruitlets
aggregate fruit
400
The Three living genera of Gnetophyta
Ephedra, Welwitschia, Gnetum
400
The artificial group for strictly asexual fungi that reproduce by conidia
deuteromycetes
400
Which of the 3 fungi phyla covered in class have septate hyphae.
Basidiomycota and ascomycota
400
Has one megaspore, and is known as a megasporangium.
Ovule
400
What is the practical function of fruits
Protect the seed
500
Word describing plants with individual
sporophytes that are either male, producing only pollen, or female producing only ovules/seeds).
Dioecious
500
In a mushroom, the basidiospore is borne on a structure called a __________, which bares the basidiospores on horn-like structures called ____________.
Basidium, Sterigma
500
In what order do meiosis, plasmogamy, and karyogamy occur in fungi?
bonus double points:
Briefly define plasmogamy. and Karyogamy.
Plasmogamy->Karyogamy->Meiosis
Plasmogamy=fusion of two haploid hyphae of different mating types.
Karyogamy: Fusion of the two haploid nuclei.
500
Name all 7 cells found in an angiosperm ovule.
3 Antipodals, 2 Synergids, 1 Central Cell, 1 Egg cell
500
The ovary wall develops into THIS layer in fruit. (It starts with a P)
Pericarp
600
Why are gymnosperms considered evolutionary precursors to angiosperms?
They were among the first plants to evolve seed
600
Which process in modern eukaryotic cells provides a hint about how endosymbiosis may have occurred?
phagocytosis
600
What is the name of the asexual spores produced by Ascomycota?
Conidia
600
What are the products of double fertilization?
First Fertilization: diploid zygote that develops into the embryo.
Second Fertilization: triploid endosperm
600
Name all parts of the mature embryo
Hypocotyl, epicotyl, cotyledons, radicle, root cap