Arrhythmias
Inflammatory Heart Disease
Name that EKG
Random
Emergency's + Surgery's
100


Supraventricular tachycardia/arrhythmia 

  1. why? narrow QRS with rapid ventricular excitation
100

Name a cardiac condition that is an indication for dental procedure prophylaxis.

Ans: prosthetic valve, cardiac transplant patient with a cardiac valvulopathy, congenital heart disease, previous EC

100


Ventricular fibrillation

Why: Chaotic irregular deflections without identifiable P-QRS-T waves

100

What is the preferred treatment for torsade’s de pointes?

IV magnesium sulfate

100

Beck's Triad signs and symptoms

HYPOtension, JVD, Muffled Heart Sounds

200

How does ventricular rhythm differ from supraventricular rhythm?

There is a WIDE QRS with slower depolarization.

200
What ECG change can be seen in a patient with infective endocarditis?


ans: conduction delay with prolonged PR interval 


200


Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)


Electrocardiographic Features

  • Heart rate > 100 bpm (usually 100-150 bpm; may be as high as 250 bpm).
  • Irregularly irregular rhythm with varying PP, PR and RR intervals.
  • At least 3 distinct P-wave morphologies in the same lead.
  • Isoelectric baseline between P-waves (i.e. no flutter waves).
  • Absence of a single dominant atrial pacemaker (i.e. not just sinus rhythm with frequent PACs).
  • Some P waves may be nonconducted; others may be aberrantly conducted to the ventricles.
200

What is the preferred treatment for sustained ventricular fibrillation?

CPR and defibrillation

200

Definitive Treatment for Pericarditis

Pericardiectomy

300

What do monomorphic and polymorphic ventricular arrrythmias have in common?

Elevated rate and wide QRS

300
3 primary pathogens causing infective EC and an abx that will cover all three?



ans: staph, strep, enterococci; PCNs, cephalosporins, vancomycin, gentamicin, PO rifampin


300


Focal atrial tachycardia (FAT): Consistent, abnormal P wave morphology indicating an ectopic focus

300

What is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death?

Torsades De Pointes

300

Emergency pericardiocentesis is performed with a needle inserted into what intercostal space?

5th intercostal

400

Autosomal dominant condition that affects cardiac sodium channels and puts individuals at risk for polymorphic dysrhythmia?

Brugada Syndrome

400


Clinical manifestations of acute pericarditis (name three)


ans: sharp and pleuritic chest pain; pain worsened by deep inspiration, relieved by sitting; substernal pain radiating to neck, back, shoulders, and epigastrium; friction rub heard at left sternal border; flu-like symptoms; fever


400


Atrial fibrillation: Irregularly irregular ventricular rate without visible P waves

400

Which is a presenting symptoms for atrial fibrillation?

  • Shortness of breath
  • Heart palpitations
  • Confusion
  • chest pain
400

What is the primary difference between MI and Acute Pericarditis?

Diffuse ST elevations

500



Monomorphic V fib

Why? Because QRS complexes are pretty much the same.

500


Most common cause of acute pericarditis?



ans: viral infections (especially coxsackieviruses and echoviruses; also influenza, EBV, varicella, hepatitis, mumps, & HIV)


500


Torsades de pointes

Torsades de pointes (TdP) is a specific form of Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (PVT) occurring in the context of QT prolongation — it has a characteristic morphology in which the QRS complexes “twist” around the isoelectric line.

500

What population is at risk for Brugada syndrome?

Asian Males

500


ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

M
e
n
u