Enzymes
This is the ending suffix of most enzymes
-ase
This type of metabolism breaks down its substrates and releases energy
Catabolic metabolism
This energy system predominates in the first 30 seconds of exercise and quickly depletes
ATP-PC system
This compound is the final step and first step in the Krebs cycle
oxaloacetate
This molecule acts as the final electron and H+ acceptor in the ETC
Oxygen
This is the role of the enzyme in helping facilitate reactions
Lowers the activation energy
This is the location of aerobic metabolism
the mitochondria
These are the substrates used for aerobic and anaerobic metabolism
carbs, fats, and protein
These are the products of the Krebs cycle per acetyl-CoA molecule
2 CO2, 1 ATP, 1 FADH2, 3 NADH
This reaction occurs when FADH2 and NADH “drop off” their H+ atoms and e-’s at the ETC
Oxidation-Reduction Reaction (redox)
True or false: enzymes are responsible for beginning reactions
False: they only affect the speed of the reaction
This is the term used to describe the chemical processes that turn food into energy forms that the body can use
metabolism
These two energy systems make up aerobic metabolism
Krebs Cycle & ETC (electron transport chain)
This compound is directly produced from the Krebs cycle, but ultimately undergoes substrate phosphorylation to make ATP, resulting in 1 ATP per run of the Krebs
GTP (guanosine triphosphate)
H’s from this transport molecule produces more ATP compared to the other since it enters the ETC at an earlier point
NADH
This enzyme breaks down phosphocreatine into Pi and Creatine
Creatine Kinase
This is the location of anaerobic metabolism, or glycolysis
the sarcoplasm
This energy system is responsible for the majority of ATP produced by the body
Electron transport chain (ETC)
These compounds can theoretically be transformed into acetyl-CoA to enter the Krebs if necessary
Amino Acids & Free Fatty Acids [from triglycerides]
This is the net amount of ATP aerobically produced from 1 glucose molecule
32 ATP
This enzyme is the rate limiting step of glycolysis making sure that glycolysis progresses all the way to producing pyruvate
Phosphofructokinase (PFK) -> its functioning rate determines the rate of glycolysis
This is the final product of glycolysis
2 pyruvate (2, 3-C subunits), 2 ATP (net gain), 2 NADH + H+
This energy system oxidizes substrates and produces a small amount of ATP
Krebs Cycle
These molecules become oxidized during the Krebs cycle, and carry H+ atoms and e-’s to the ETC
NAD & FAD
This enzyme phosphorylates ADP to make ATP
ATP Synthase