Vocab
An unlearned response to a stimulus.
UCR
CR
Pavlov's experiment:
Salivating to tone of bell is what response?
CR
Anytime the daughter gets a grade below an A on a test or assignment, she is not allowed to go out with friends for a week:
Which type of reinforcement?
Negative reinforcement
College students have learned that if they flush a toilet while someone is taking a shower, it will cause the water in the shower to become scalding hot. Naturally, the shower victim screams as his reflexes cause him to leap backward in pain. After this had occurred on several occasions, college students began to twitch involuntarily whenever they heard a toilet flush. In this example, the sound of the flushing toilet would be the
CS
A stimulus that elicits an unlearned response.
UCS
learning of behaviors that allow an organism to escape from an aversive stimulus
Escape learning
Pavlov's experiment:
Salivating to food is what response?
UCR
The parents explain that they will let their daughter go out with friends on the weekends only if she maintains a 4.0 grade point average.
This is best described as an example of:
Positive reinforcement
Each time the owner of an aquarium turns on the aquarium light, the fish gather in the corner in which he routinely places food. He always turns the light on before feeding the fish
What does the behavior of the fish suggest when they gather in the corner when the aquarium light is turned on?
CS
Operant Conditioning
learning of behaviors that allow an organism to avoid an aversive stimulus
Avoidance Learning
Treats after a child throws a tantrum:
Which principle of reinforcement is this?
Positive reinforcement
M gets food poisoning after eating chicken, M avoids any foods that contain chicken:
Stimulus ______________
Generalization
In a classic experiment, Little Albert, a very young boy, was conditioned to be afraid of a white rat. He also became fearful of white furry rabbits and bearded men. This is an example of:
stimulus generalization
response that operates on the environment to produce certain consequences
Operant Response
gradual weakening and eventual disappearance of a conditioned response
On Thursday, your roommate screams and yells at you to take out the trash. After about an hour of her nagging, you decide to take out the trash. She stops nagging. Next Thursday, you immediately take out the trash as soon as you see your roommate. What consequence influenced your behavior of taking out the trash? (Which principle of reinforcement is this?)
Negative reinforcement
J got bit by a big dog and is now scared of big dogs but happily plays with small dogs
Stimulus ______________
Discrimination
Person leaves work an hr early to evade heavy traffic
Is this Escape or avoidance?
Avoidance
process of learning by association, where different stimuli come to elicit the same response
Classical Conditioning
spontaneous return of a conditioned response following extinction
Spontaneous Recovery
A car beeps until seatbelt is fastened:
Which principle of reinforcement is this?
Negative reinforcement
A student, tired of studying, starts procrastinating to avoid doing more work
Is this Escape or avoidance?
Escape
Explanation: escape learning seeks to reduce the unpleasantness of something exists while avoidance learning is meant to prevent the unpleasantness of something that hasn't happened yet
Every Sunday morning, a mother calls to find out if her daughter has found a "real" job that properly uses the skills the daughter spent years in graduate school learnng. The daughter keeps her current job but abruptly ends the conversation when her mom inquires about her job. Her mom stops asking. What contingency is influencing the mom's behavior of asking about the job? (Positive or negative punishment/reinforcement)
Negative Punishment