Nature of Matter
All matter is composed of:
Atoms
What is responsible for the “stickiness” of water that results in cohesion and adhesion?
Hydrogen Bonds
Which macromolecule is made from repeating units of sugar, like glucose?
Carbohydrates
Substances that speed up chemical reactions in the body are called:
Enzymes
The elements sodium and chlorine react to form the chemical compound
sodium chloride. How would you predict the properties of sodium chloride
compare with those of its constituent elements?
Very different
The periodic table displays ____, arranged by their atomic number.
Elements
Which property of water explains why ice floats?
Hydrogen Bonds
DNA is what type of macromolecule?
Nucleic Acid
The letter A in the diagram below represents the:
Substate
What is the optimal pH of lipase?
8
H2o is an example of a
Compound
A water strider can move across the surface of water due to what property of water?
Cohension
Oils and fats are what type of macromolecule?
Lipids
Most enzymes found in the body work best at about 40 degrees. This represents the enzyme’s:
Optimal Temperature
Human blood has a pH of 7.4. How do buffers in the blood affect the pH?
Buffers prevent small amounts of acid or base from changing the pH of blood.
Which particles are found withing the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and Neutrons
3. The diagram shows water at the molecular level.
What property of a water molecule allows hydrogen bonds to form among
adjacent molecules?
d. the polarity of the molecule, which involves a slightly negative oxygen atom and slightly positive hydrogen atoms
Small units in a macromolecule are called:
Monomers
The letter B in the diagram below represents the:
Enzyme
What is the effect of an enzyme on the energy of a chemical reaction?
Enzymes decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
What is the difference between a covalent bond and an ionic bond?
Ionic- Transferring electrons
Covalent- Sharing electrons
Household bleach has a pH between 12 and 13. From this information, which of the following BEST describes the bleach solution?
The solution is basic, meaning it has fewer hydrogen (H + ) ions than hydroxide (OH – ) ions.
What best describes the relationship between starch and glucose?
Starch is a polymer made of glucose monomers.
The rearrangement of elections to break or form chemical bonds
Which of these molecular structures could be found in a lipid, but not a carbohydrate, protein, or nucleic acid?
a. a long chain of C, O, and N atoms
b. a long chain made only of carbon and hydrogen atoms
c. a phosphate group joined to a chain of carbon atoms
d. an amino group and a carboxylic group bonded together
b. a long chain made only of carbon and hydrogen atoms