Which of the following is a biogenous sediment?
A) Beach sand
B) Diatom ooze
C) Glacial deposits
D) Clays
E) Volcanic particles
b
100
Which of the following is a biogenous sediment?
A) Evaporites
B) Halites
C) Manganese nodule
D) Phosphates
E) Stromatolites
E
100
A very important way to increase the settling rate of fine particles in the open ocean is via ________.
fecal pellets
100
The White Cliffs of Dover are an example of which of t sediment types?
biogenous
100
Which of the following is the most advanced technology used to collect sediment samples from the deep ocean?
A) Dredge
B) Gravity corer
C) Long line
D) Rotary corer
E) Seiche disk
D
200
Sediments derived from preexisting rocks on land are called ________.
A) cosmogenous
B) biogenous
C) hydrogenous
D) lithogenous
E) volcanogenic
d
200
Manganese nodules are an example of ________.
hydrogenous
200
The type of marine sediment that forms the thickest deposits worldwide is ________.
A) abyssal clay deposits
B) manganese nodule deposits
C) neritic, lithogenous sediment deposits
D) neritic siliceous sediment deposits
E) pelagic biogenous calcareous deposits
c
200
Calcite dissolves more readily in seawater that is ________ in temperature and ________ in pressure.
colder; higher
200
Which of the following contains the most organic carbon on Earth?
A) Fossil Fuels
B) Gas hydrates
C) Living organisms
D) Peat
E) Soil
B
300
Which of the following contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3)?
A) Diatoms
B) Foraminiferans
C) Glauconite
D) Phosphorites
E) Radiolarians
b
300
The most likely place to find abundant manganese nodules is on the ________.
abyssal plains
300
Sandstone is an example of which sediment types?
lithogenous
300
The number of organisms present in the surface water above the ocean floor is called ________.
A) destruction
B) dilution
C) ecology
D) erosion
E) productivity
e
300
Which of the following resources found in ocean sediments has the greatest economic value?
A) Gas hydrates
B) Manganese nodules and crusts
C) Petroleum
D) Rare-earth elements
E) Sand and gravel
c
400
Calcium carbonate is most likely to dissolve in water with which characteristics?
A) Low carbon dioxide and warmer temperatures
B) Lots of carbon dioxide and colder temperatures
C) Lots of carbon dioxide and warmer temperatures
D) Low pressure and warmer temperatures
E) Low pressure and colder temperatures
b
400
Sediments with an extraterrestrial origin are called ________.
cosmogenous
400
Turbidite deposits are an example of what sediment type?
lithogenous
400
The dissolution of the thick tests of foraminifers below the CCD is an example of the ________ of biogenous sediment.
destruction
400
Which of the following natural gasses is most common in gas hydrates from under the ocean floor?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Ethane
C) Hydrogen sulfide
D) Methane
E) Propane
d
500
Sediments produced because of chemical reactions in seawater are called ________.
hydrogenous
500
Sediments found on continental margins are called ________.
neritic
500
Glacial deposits are an example of which sediment types?
lithogenous
500
Rock salt (halite) is an example of which sediment types?
hydrogenous
500
Which of the following is thought to have enriched ocean floor sediments with rare-earth elements?
A) Clathrate formation
B) hydrothermal vents
C) Groundwater leaching
D) Nodule and crust creation
E) Sea floor methane seeps