Vocab A-C
Using letter-sound information and meaning to identify words
Cross-Checking
Words that appear often in printed material
High-Frequency Words
Provides readers with a tool to pronounce words by associating sounds with letters
Phonics
Being aware of miscues, the pronunciation of unknown words and comprehension processes during reading to develop the ability to correct oneself
Self-Monitoring
A game in which students add, delete, or replace letters using clues to make new words
Word Ladders
Words that surround an unknown word that assist the reader in word identification.
Context Clues
Words charged with personal meaning and feeling selected for use in helping beginning readers identify words quickly and easily
Key Words
Activities that involve the senses, namely visual, auditory, kinesthetic and tactile
Multi-sensory Activities
Instruction that focuses on teaching students strategies for studying words they read and write
Spelling-based Strategies
Boxes of word cards that individual students are studying as they relate to phonics spelling or vocabulary learning
Word Boxes
An approach to phonics teaching that emphasizes the discovery of letter-sound relationships through the analysis of known words.
Analytic Phonics
Suffixes that change the tense or degree of a word
Inflected Endings
Letter clusters that help form word families or rhyming words
Phonograms
A building block approach to phonics intended to foster the understanding of letter-sound relationships and develop phonic knowledge and skill
Synthetic Phonics
Words compiled on sheets of paper hung on the wall of a classroom.
Word Walls
Teaches children to use onsets and rimes they already know to help decode unknown words
Analogy-based Phonics Instruction
A technique that uses flash cards to teach unknown words with a ratio of known words
Incremental Rehearsal
The initial part of the word (a consonant, consonant blend, or digraph) that precedes the vowel
Onset
A word recognition skill that involves identifying words in meaningful units such as prefixes, suffixes, and root words. Also includes being able to identify inflected endings, compound words and contractions
Structural Analysis
The part of the letter pattern in a word that inclues the vowel and any consonants that follow, also called phonogram or word family
Rime
A strategy in which words or letters are omitted from the text and students are required to fill in the blanks using information from the passage.
Cloze Procedure
Often called holistic, meaning-centered instruction. This teaches phonics within the context of stories that make sense to the children.
Embedded Phonic Instruction
The smallest meaningful unit of a word
Morpheme
A collection of related words that go from one extreme to another, such as hot, warm, cool, cold, freezing and frigid
Semantic Gradients