Chemistry

organic

100

R-OH 2 lone pairs on O 4:1 rule Methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, butyl, pentyl

Alcohols

200

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH

Pentyl Alcohol

300

O || R-C-R' Acetone forms hemiketals and ketals

Ketones

400

double bond trigonal planar flat

Alkenes

500

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3

Butane

organic

100

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH

Butyl Alcohol

200

CH3-OH

Methyl Alcohol

300

CH3-CH-CH3 | OH

Isopropyl Alcohol

400

-CH2-CH3

Ethyl Group

500

CH3-CH2-CH3

Propane

organic

100

CH3-CH2-OH

Ethyl Alcohol

200

aromatic hydrocarbons weak acid water soluble

Phenols

300

R-SH weak acid

Thiols

400

-CH3

Methyl Group

500

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

Pentane

organic

100

R-O-R' nonpolar neutral 4:1 rule form hydrogen bonds with water

Ethers

200

aromatic ring 6 carbons Resonance structures

aromatic hydrocarbons

300

carbonyl group on last carbon atom in chain O || R-C-H 4:1 rule applies oxidizes to carboxylic acid reaction with glucose to form a hemiacetal

aldehyde

400

CH4

Methane

500

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

Hexane

organic

100

1st used general anesthetic (1842)

Diethyl Ethers

200

at least one carbon-carbon bond is a triple bond

alkynes

300

Single bonds tetrahedral geometry not flat

Alkanes

400

CH3-CH3

Ethane

500

Alkanes Alkenes Alkynes Aromatic Hydrocarbon Non polar Readily Burn

Hydrocarbons